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Developments in the density functional theory and the methods of electronic structure calculations have made it possible to carry out ab-initio studies of a variety of materials efficiently and at a predictable level. This book covers many of those state-of-the-art developments and their applications to ordered and disordered materials, surfaces and interfaces and clusters, etc.
Dieses einzigartige Buch läßt Chemie und Physik im festen Zustand und auf Oberflächen 'zusammentreffen'. In einer lebhaften und anschaulichen Weise bringt es Chemikern die Sprache bei, mit der sie die Elektronenstruktur ausgedehnter Systeme verstehen lernen können. Gleichzeitig zeigt es, wie auch von Seiten der Chemie Modelle über den festen Zustand sowie über Bindungen und Reaktivität von Oberflächen erstellt werden können. Das Buch bedient sich zunächst der Sprache von Kristallorbitalen, Bandstrukturen und Zustandsdichten. Danach stellt es die Werkzeuge bereit, mit denen der Leser weg von den stark delokalisierten Orbitalen des Festkörpers gelangt, darunter der Zerfall von Zusta...
The simplifications of band-structure calculations which are now referred to as linear methods were introduced by Ole K. Andersen almost ten years ago. Since then these ideas have been taken up by several workers in the field and translated into computer programmes that generate the band structure of almost any material. As a result, running times on computers have been cut by orders of magnitude. One of the strong motivations behind the original proposal was a desire to give the conventional methods' a physically meaningful content which could be understood even by the non-specialist. Unfortunately, this aspect of lin ear methods seems to have been less well appreciated, and most workers ar...
This is the only book to cover the most recent developments in applied quantum theory and their use in modeling materials properties. It describes new approaches to modeling disordered alloys and focuses on those approaches that combine the most efficient quantum-level theories of random alloys with the most sophisticated numerical techniques. In doing so, it establishes a theoretical insight into the electronic structure of complex materials such as stainless steels, Hume-Rothery alloys and silicates.
Writing a memoir was not only an interesting experience for this Professor of Applied Physics at Stanford University, but it also provided him an opportunity to revisit his past with his sons. The author graduated from Cornell in 1953 in Engineering Physics and received his PhD in Physics in 1956 at the University of Illinois. He was then at the General Electric Research Laboratory until 1965, when he moved to Stanford. He has seen his life transform from a physics student to husband, father, author, professor, scoutmaster, von Humboldt scholar, and sometimes musician. His published books include Pseudopotentials, Solid State Theory, Elementary Electronic Structure, and Applied Quantum Mechanics. Here he draws a parallel with the ancient alchemical goal of transforming lead into gold. The reader will find this engaging memoir rich in anecdotes and stories that constitute the various transformations resulting in what may be called a 'golden experience'.
Alkali-doped fullerides have attracted strong interest since their production became possible about fifteen years ago. This book presents recent work which may solve intriguing problems arising from a variety of remarkable properties. For example, these solids are superconductors with high transition temperatures, although the similarity between the electronic and phonon energy scales should suppress superconductivity. Moreover, the Ioffe-Regel condition for electrical conductivity is strongly violated. The book shows why superconductivity is nevertheless possible, owing to a local pairing mechanism. The Ioffe-Regel condition is derived quantum-mechanically, and it is explained why the underlying assumptions are violated for fullerides and high-Tc cuprates, for example. The book treats electronic and transport properties, reviewing theoretical and experimental results. It focuses on superconductivity, electrical conductivity and metal-insulator transitions, emphasizing the electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions as well as the Jahn-Teller effect.
Computational molecular and materials modeling has emerged to deliver solid technological impacts in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and materials industries. It is not the all-predictive science fiction that discouraged early adopters in the 1980s. Rather, it is proving a valuable aid to designing and developing new products and processes. People create, not computers, and these tools give them qualitative relations and quantitative properties that they need to make creative decisions. With detailed analysis and examples from around the world, Applying Molecular and Materials Modeling describes the science, applications, and infrastructures that have proven successful. Computational quantum chemistry, molecular simulations, informatics, desktop graphics, and high-performance computing all play important roles. At the same time, the best technology requires the right practitioners, the right organizational structures, and - most of all - a clearly understood blend of imagination and realism that propels technological advances. This book is itself a powerful tool to help scientists, engineers, and managers understand and take advantage of these advances.
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