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Perinatal Brain Damage
This volume is based on a highly successful conference dedicated to Perinatal brain damage: from pathogenesis to neuroprotection. Neonatologists, paediatricians, paediatric neurologists, obstetricians, basic researchers involved in neurosciences, as well as rehabilitation professionals, will be interested by this publication. The volume covers pathogenic aspects of brain lesions occurring in the fetal and neonatal period, and addresses the issues of diagnostic work-up and treatment. The most authoritative basic researchers, clinicians, and specialists in the field of neuroimaging, provide chapters on recent clinical advances. A subject of particular importance is the neurological vulnerabili...
50 Studies Every Neonatologist Should Know
50 Studies Every Neonatologist Should Know presents a selection of seminal trials in neonatology, including both cornerstones of practice and frontiers in trial design. The included trials cover a broad range of care topics in neonatology, as well as important learning points in a number of dimensions. The text explores each trial in a dedicated chapter, with a concise summary of methods and results, accompanied by a brief discussion of special considerations, including risks of bias, interpretation, and implications for practice. Additionally, there is a short interview with the trialist (or an editorial commentary) at the end of each chapter, to give a flavor of the ongoing conversation after trial publication. As with all books in the "50 Studies" series, each study was selected using an objective selection criterion that included citations per year, high levels of evidence, clinical studies and trials, and a 3-stage Delphi review by international experts in the field. It is a must-read for neonatologists, trainees, or anyone involved in neonatal care or trial design.
Endogenous Stem Cell-Based Brain Remodeling in Mammals
This text highlights the endogenous regenerative potential of the central nervous system in neonates and juveniles and discusses possible ways it might be manipulated for medical purposes. The first section provides a descriptive summary of the salient steps of human brain development with a discussion of comparisons with other mammalian brains. It also provides a historical perspective on our understanding of ongoing brain development throughout the lifespan and serve to introduce the concept of brain plasticity following injury. The second part is devoted to the endogenous reparative potential of the brain, including its limitations, and articles focusing on defined pathologies (e.g. anoxia/hypoxia, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury and stress) in animal models and in humans pinpoint eventual ways these pathologies might be manipulated. The third and final focuses on the "dark side" of stem cells for brain repair or of the manipulation of spontaneous adaptive events after injury (e.g. genomic instability, sensitization to cancerous transformation and defective neural networks).
Between France and England
'Between France and England' characterises the role played by most rulers of the duchy of Brittany during the late Middle Ages, before it was finally united with Valois France. These essays (including three appearing for the first time in English) explore political and institutional aspects of the changing relationship between France and Brittany, within the context of Anglo-French relations, as well as social consequences of the development of a largely autonomous state within the larger French kingdom during a period dominated by war and economic crisis. The transformation of medieval France into an early modern state changed the traditional relationship between the king and his great feudal princes. But some princes reacted by imitating the crown, creating their own more advanced administrations and an ideological base for claims to exercise 'regal rights' within their lordships, often expressed in striking visual and symbolic form. These trends are evident in the late medieval duchy of Brittany where the Montfort dynasty all but succeeded in nullifying royal control.
Pediatric Neurology
Neonatal meningitis contributes substantially to neurological disability worldwide. Its incidence remains low but is significantly higher in neonates with documented sepsis, preterm infants, and when meningitis is nosocomial. Neonates are at higher risk of meningitis because of immaturity in humoral and cellular immunity, and the absence of specific clinical signs makes diagnosis of meningitis more difficult in neonates than in older children. Neonatal meningitis remains, therefore, a public health challenge for pediatricians. Mortality and long-term complications in survivors are observed in 10–15% and 20–50%, respectively, depending on term at diagnosis, type of identified organisms, and delay before treatment. Neurological deficits range from moderate-to-severe disabilities to more subtle problems including visual deficits, middle-ear disease, and cognitive and behavioral impairments. Intracerebral complications should be documented using magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment should be initiated once the diagnosis is suspected using a parenteral combination of bactericidal antibiotics adapted to pathogen sensitivity.
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