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This book provides a broad and rich outline of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in cancer progression and the generation of metastasis. It describes the tumor suppressor genes undergoing transcriptional silencing by CpG island promoter hypermethylation in the different tumor types of the human anatomy and their association with tumoral behaviour. It also provides a comprehensive insightful look at the molecular players involved in DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin remodelling complexes causing epigenetic lesions linked to the metastasic phenotypes. Finally, it explains how epigenetic lesions associated with cancer spreading can be targeted using new and potent chemotherapy drugs. The book is a state-of-the-art reference to all scientific researchers and clinicians interested in the understanding of the biological processes leading to tumor dissemination and to those that are keen to translate this knowledge to a better management of cancer patients. Each contributor is a specialist in their epigenetic area and their joint effort has created a unique view of the DNA methylation, histone and chromatin changes that define cancer metastasis.
The vision of this Frontiers in Oncology Research Topic on “Stem Cell Genetic Fidelity” had the goal of steeping a diverse range of research perspectives to a first comprehensive synthesis of thought on the questions of how tissue stem cells manage gene mutation rate and the significance of that management in mammalian evolution and biology, in particular as it relates to tissue cell renewal, carcinogenesis, and aging. The primary focus was determinants of mutation rate in distributed stem cells (DSCs), which encompass all naturally occurring stem cells at all stages of mammalian development. In particular, contributions were sought that considered a broad range of aspects of the immorta...
Epigenetics is defined as the study of modifications of the genome, heritable during cell division that does not involve changes in DNA sequences. Up to date, epigenetic modifications involve at least three general mechanisms regulating gene expression: histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). For the past two decades, an explosion in our interest and understanding of epigenetic mechanisms has been seen. This mainly based on the influence that epigenetic alterations have on an amazing number of biological processes, such as gene expression, imprinting, programmed DNA rearrangements, germ line silencing, developmentally cued stem cell division, and overall chromos...
For this eBook, and the associated Research Topic in Frontiers in Genetics, entitled: ‘Cancer-associated defects in the DNA damage response: drivers for malignant transformation and potential therapeutic targets’ we have selected 10 papers that each discusses important, yet distinct aspects of the response to DNA damage in normal cells and cancer cells. Using an evolutionary conserved signaling network called the ‘DNA damage response (DDR)’ cells maintain the integrity of their genome, and thus safeguard cellular functioning and the ability to create viably progeny. Initially, the DDR appeared to consist of few linear kinase-driven pathways. However, research over the past decades in...
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Includes abstracts of papers of various symposia.