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Genetic Management of Fragmented Animal and Plant Populations
One of the greatest unmet challenges in conservation biology is the genetic management of fragmented populations of threatened animal and plant species. More than a million small, isolated, population fragments of threatened species are likely suffering inbreeding depression and loss of evolutionary potential, resulting in elevated extinction risks. Although these effects can often be reversed by re-establishing gene flow between population fragments, managers very rarely do this. On the contrary, genetic methods are used mainly to document genetic differentiation among populations, with most studies concluding that genetically differentiated populations should be managed separately, thereby...
A Practical Guide for Genetic Management of Fragmented Animal and Plant Populations
The habitats of most species have been fragmented by human actions, isolating small populations that consequently develop genetic problems. Millions of small, isolated, fragmented populations are likely suffering from inbreeding depression and loss of genetic diversity, greatly increasing their risk of extinction. Crossing between populations is required to reverse these effects, but managers rarely do so. A key reason for such inaction is that managers are often advised to manage populations in isolation whenever molecular genetic methods indicate genetic differences among them. Following this advice will often doom small populations to extinction when the habitat fragmentation and genetic differences were caused by human activities. A paradigm shift is required whereby evidence of genetic differentiation among populations is a trigger to ask whether any populations are suffering genetic problems, and if so, whether they can be rescued by augmenting gene flow. Consequently, there is now an urgent need for an authoritative practical guide to facilitate this paradigm shift in genetic management of fragmented populations.
Watarrka Waterhole Wildlife
Watarrka National Park lies within the Red Centre of Australia, approximately halfway between the township of Alice Springs and the giant sandstone monolith of Uluru. The Park covers a region of outstanding scenic beauty, cultural importance and biodiversity significance at the western end of the George Gill Ranges. It lies within one of the driest regions of Australia, and the planet, but the rocky gorges, sheltered creek lines and perennial waterholes provide a refuge for plants and animals from an earlier and wetter period of Australia’s history. This book is a compilation of the very best of over a million images collected from camera traps running almost continuously at Watarrka waterholes between 2015 and 2022. These images form part of a scientific dataset tracking biodiversity change under a warming and drying climate. They also provide much insight into the species behaviours and interactions of wildlife largely unaffected by human presence.
Conservation and the Genetics of Populations
Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing the world today. Conservation and the Genetics of Populations gives a comprehensive overview of the essential background, concepts, and tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used to conserve species threatened with extinction, and to manage species of ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, and computer programs, genetic principles, and methods are becoming increasingly useful in the conservation of biological diversity. Using a balance of data and theory, coupled with basic and applied research examples, this book examines genetic and phenotypic variation in natural pop...
Large-Scale Landscape Experiments
An overview of relationships between landscape change, habitat fragmentation and biodiversity conservation, using key lessons from the Tumut Fragmentation Study.
Handbook of Road Ecology
Winner of the IENE Project Award 2016. This authoritative volume brings together some of the world’s leading researchers, academics, practitioners and transportation agency personnel to present the current status of the ecological sustainability of the linear infrastructure – primarily road, rail and utility easements – that dissect and fragment landscapes globally. It outlines the potential impacts, demonstrates how this infrastructure is being improved, and how broad ecological principles are applied to mitigate the impact of road networks on wildlife. Research and monitoring is an important aspect of road ecology, encompassing all phases of a transportation project. This book covers...
Rewilding Agricultural Landscapes
As the world population grows, so does the demand for food, putting unprecedented pressure on agricultural lands. In many desert dryland regions, however, intensive cultivation is causing their productivity to decline precipitously. "Rewilding" the least productive of these landscapes offers a sensible way to reverse the damage, recover natural diversity, and ensure long-term sustainability of remaining farms and the communities they support. This accessibly written, groundbreaking contributed volume is the first to examine in detail what it would take to retire eligible farmland and restore functioning natural ecosystems. The lessons in Rewilding Agricultural Landscapes will be useful to conservation leaders, policymakers, groundwater agencies, and water managers looking for inspiration and practical advice for solving the complicated issues of agricultural sustainability and water management.
Insect Biodiversity and Dead Wood
"In August 2004, the city of Brisbane, Australia, was host to one of the largest recent gatherings of the world's entomologists. Several thousand delegates attended the 22nd International Congress of Entomology, which featured a multitude of symposia that together covered a wide range of entomology-related topics. This special General Technical Report is based on papers presented in a symposium entitled 'Insect Biodiversity and Dead Wood.' It features contributions by scientists from around the world, and these contributions clearly illustrate our growing understanding of the entomological importance of dead wood.
Forest Phoenix
This book tells the story of ecological forest recovery in the wet forests of Victoria following major wildfires in February 2009. It also focuses on the science of ecological recovery – a major body of information that is not well known or understood by the vast majority of Australians and the vast majority of environmental policy makers. Forest Phoenix presents this important story via short engaging text and truly spectacular images, which are accompanied by highly informative captions. If you've ever wanted to better understand how forests and forest biodiversity recover after wildfire, then this book is a must-read. 2011 Whitley Award Commendation for Ecological Zoology.
Evolutionary Feedbacks Between Population Biology and Genome Architecture
This eBook presents all 10 articles published under the Frontiers Research Topic "Evolutionary Feedbacks Between Population Biology and Genome Architecture", edited by Scott V. Edwards and Tariq Ezaz. With the rise of rapid genome sequencing across the Tree of Life, challenges arise in understanding the major evolutionary forces influencing the structure of microbial and eukaryotic genomes, in particular the prevalence of natural selection versus genetic drift in shaping those genomes. Additional complexities in understanding genome architecture arise with the increasing incidence of interspecific hybridization as a force for shaping genotypes and phenotypes. A key paradigm shift facilitatin...
