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Sweet Fuel
Early sugar and ethanol policy, 1933-1959 -- Sugar, ethanol, and development, 1959-1975 -- Proálcool, 1975-1985 -- Lakes of sacrifice: ethanol and water pollution -- Proálcool, caneworkers, and the guariba strikes of 1984 -- Proálcool reimagined, 1985-2003.
Agriculture's Energy
Thomas D. Rogers's history of a modernizing Brazil tracks what happened when a key government program,created in the 1970s by the nation's military regime, aspired to harness energy produced by sugarcane agriculture to power the country's economy. The National Alcohol Program, known as Proalcool, was a deliberate economic strategy designed to incentivize ethanol production and reduce gasoline consumption. As Brazil's capacity grew and as international oil shocks continued, the regime's planners doubled down on Proalcool. Drawing financing from international lenders and curiosity from other oil-dependent countries, for a time it was the world's largest oil-substitution and renewable-energy pr...
Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane in Brazil
The success of Brazil in the large-scale production and use of fuel ethanol has been widely discussed and analyzed by other countries interested in adopting policies designed to encourage the use of biofuels. Within this context, certain questions arise: Could the Brazilian experience be replicated in other countries? What were the conditions that enabled the creation of the Brazilian Proálcool (National Ethanol Program and what lessons can be learned? To examine these issues, it is important to understand the functioning of the key, interconnected markets (those for sugarcane, sugar and ethanol), which, from their inception, were the objects of extensive government intervention until 1999....
The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade
He covers a major aspect of the history of the international abolition of the slave trade.
Brazilian Slavery
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Placar Magazine
PLACAR: a maior revista brasileira de futebol. Notícias, perfis, entrevistas, fotos exclusivas.
História E Memória De Brasilândia/ms - Pioneiros
Este livro aborda os passos iniciais da caminhada que a cidade de Brasilândia/MS empreendeu quando ela ainda nem tinha consciência de si. As notícias estampadas nos jornais locais, os apontamentos dos primeiros viajantes, os documentos históricos, as cartas e poesias rabiscadas em cadernos escolares, as fotografias e os flashes impregnados na memória dos antigos moradores que construíram cada palmo deste chão. Estes são os personagens que se encontram espalhados pelas páginas deste livro. No 1º volume, desta 2ª edição, dedicado aos Pioneiros, o leitor fará uma viagem, desde as primeiras ocupações e os embates enfrentados pelos desbravadores mais antigos, até os pioneiros do desenvolvimento do assim chamado processo civilizatório responsável pelo surgimento da urbe, eis que aqui eles se reúnem, nos limites da Cidade Esperança, indistintamente.
Slave Life in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1850
Rio de Janeiro in the first half of the nineteenth century had the largest population of urban slaves in the Americas—primary contributors to the atmosphere and vitality of the city. Although most urban historians have ignored these inhabitants of Rio, Mary Karasch's generously illustrated study provides a comprehensive description and analysis of the city's rich Afro-Cariocan culture, including its folklore, its songs, and accounts of its oral history. Professor Karasch's investigation of the origins of Rio's slaves demonstrates the importance of the "Central Africaness" of the slave population to an understanding of its culture. Challenging the thesis of the comparative mildness of the B...
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