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In the sixteenth century, in what is now modern-day Peru and Bolivia, Andean communities were forcibly removed from their traditional villages by Spanish colonizers and resettled in planned, self-governed towns modeled after those in Spain. But rather than merely conforming to Spanish cultural and political norms, indigenous Andeans adopted and gradually refashioned the religious practices dedicated to Christian saints and political institutions imposed on them, laying claim to their own rights and the sovereignty of the collective. The People Are King shows how common Andean people produced a new kind of civil society over three centuries of colonialism, merging their traditional understand...
Exactly 450 years after the solemn closure of the Council of Trent on 4 December 1563, scholars from diverse regional, disciplinary and confessional backgrounds convened in Leuven to reflect upon the impact of this Council, not only in Europe but also beyond. Their conclusions are to be found in these three impressive volumes. Bridging different generations of scholarship, the authors reassess in a first volume Tridentine views on the Bible, theology and liturgy, as well as their reception by Protestants, deconstructing many myths surviving in scholarship and society alike. They also deal with the mechanisms 'Rome' developed to hold a grip on the Council's implementation. The second volume analyzes the changes in local ecclesiastical life, initiated by bishops, orders and congregations, and the political strife and confessionalisation accompanying this reform process. The third and final volume examines the afterlife of Trent in arts and music, as well as in the global impact of Trent through missions.
DRC has committed to reduce its emissions effectively, efficiently, and equitably from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). The country experiences complex relationships between drivers, agents, and institutions of deforestation nationally. The REDD+ policy arena is influenced by both governmental and non-governmental actors whose number have increased in the policy arena over the years; however, weak coordination among these actors remains an issue. Since 2009, the DRC has announced several reforms relating to land tenure, land-use planning and agricultural policy, to create an institutional environment that motivates the implementation of REDD+ in the DRC. By 2019, none of these reforms ...
FAO’s most recent global synthesis on planted forests was released in 2009 and the last Unasylva on planted forests was published in 2005. Developed together with a coalition of external partners, including the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) task force on planted forests and the TreeDivNet network, Issue 254 hereby responds to the need for wider information-sharing on data, tools and approaches available for leveraging the contributions of planted forests to meet the target of increasing the global forest area of 3 percent by 2030, which Global Forest Goal 1 provides for. Unasylva issue 254 was launched in November 2023 at the International Congress on Planted Forests 2023 (ICPF2023) – the first edition of this global forum to be held in Africa (Nairobi, Kenya).
La sécurité alimentaire au Sénégal est confrontée à des défis complexes, exacerbés par la croissance démographique et les changements climatiques. Dans ce contexte, l'agroforesterie se présente comme une solution prometteuse pour renforcer la résilience des systèmes agricoles. Ce rapport explore en profondeur le rôle crucial de l'agroforesterie dans l'amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire et offre des solutions pratiques pour relever les défis à venir. Couvrant diverses régions sénégalaises, de la Casamance au bassin arachidier, cette étude repose sur des données provenant de 122 projets menés sur près de cinq décennies. Ancrée dans la tradition sénégalaise, l'...
Il y a près de trois ans, les dirigeants du monde approuvaient le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement durable à l’horizon 2030 et ses 17 objectifs de développement durable (ODD), qui allaient devenir le cadre central d’orientation des politiques de développement du monde entier. La présente édition de La situation des forêts du monde s’attache à nous faire mieux comprendre comment les forêts et la gestion durable de celles-ci contribuent à la concrétisation de plusieurs de ces ODD. Il sera bientôt trop tard pour les forêts du monde: nous devons désormais travailler de façon intersectorielle, rassembler les diverses parties intéressées et agir vite. La si...
L'importance économique et sociale des marchés domestiques du bois est reconnue en Afrique de l’Ouest, mais ceux-ci sont encore largement alimentés par du bois d’origine illégale. Ce rapport a pour objectif informer les décideurs politiques sur les tendances du marché du bois de sciage en Côte d’Ivoire. Il contient aussi des recommandations pour augmenter l’offre et la demande publique en bois légal, contribuant ainsi au développement d’une politique d’achat de bois légal et durable initié par le gouvernement ivoirien.