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This is a Ph.D. dissertation. The skin serves as a protective interface between the body and the noxious environment. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the most important sources of environmental stress, inducing photochemical changes in the skin that may lead to sunburn, premature skin aging and skin cancer. The skin and UV also play a leading part in the vitamin D endocrine system. When UVB photons strike the epidermis, their energy can be used for the synthesis of vitamin D3. Furthermore, the skin is one of the direct target issues for vitamin D3 action. The close interplay between UV and vitamin D3 production in the skin evokes the possibility of mutual interactions. Contents: Introduction, Aims and Scopes of the Study, Materials and Methods, 1,25D3 Inhibits UVB-Induced Apoptosis and IL-6 Production in Human Keratinocytes, 1,25D3 Protects Human Keratinocytes Against UVB-Induced Damage, Two 14-EPI Analogues of 1,25D3 Protect Human Keratinocytes Against Different UVB Effects, Molecular Pathways Involved in the Anti-Apoptotic Effect of 1,25D3 in Human Keratinocytes, General Discussion and Perspectives.
"Sun Protection in Man" looks at the beneficial and harmful effects of solar radiation. The physiological consequences of sun exposure have been systematically studied starting at the end of the nineteenth century and we now have accumulated knowledge about how Caucasian and Asian skins reacts to solar radiation. The chemical effects of solar ultraviolet radiation have been analyzed with particular emphasis during the second half of the twentieth century. Research on micro-organisms has allowed us to understand the mechanisms of UV-induced mutagenesis and photosensitization. Studies with laboratory rodents have opened the path to the understanding of UV-induced immune-depression, carcinogene...
This book increases the accessibility of philosophical concepts to a wider audience within medical education, translating ‘knowing’ to ‘doing.’ It prompts health professions educators and researchers to consider the dynamics and structure of contemporary issues within health professions education in new, philosophical ways. Through considering the practical implications of applying philosophical concepts to contemporary issues, the book recommends avenues for further research and pedagogical change. Individual educators are considered, with practice points for teaching generated within each chapter. Readers will acquire practical ways in which they can change their own practice or pedagogy that align with the new insight offered through our philosophical analysis. These practical recommendations may be systemic in nature, but the authors of this book also offer micro-level recommendations for practitioners that can be considered as ways to improve individual approaches to education and research.
Gender impact assessment has been both celebrated as a beacon of hope for the cause of gender equality and criticised as being ineffectual. More than 20 years of gender mainstreaming have demonstrated that equality governance with and through impact assessment is an intersectional and still evolving process. Arn T. Sauer's study examines the instruments of gendered policy analysis and the conditions under which they are being used by the Canadian federal government and the European Commission. Interviews with experts from public administration and instrument designers as well as document analyses reveal benefits and challenges and show that the success of equality governance depends upon whether knowledge about gendered policy and appropriate administrative practices are embedded, embodied and entrenched in public administration.
This volume contributes to the current reassessment of the "Glorious Revolution" by bringing together the work of leading American, British, and Dutch scholars who present a series of interpretive case studies on a wide variety of political, economic, religious, and cultural issues. What emerges from these fifteen essays is the conviction that in spite of differing angles of approach, the process of reinterpreting the Revolution requires a combined study of English and Dutch history within the context of European history. The long tradition of viewing the events of 1688-89 as a uniquely British affair, which gave birth to liberal England with its contingent political and religious liberties, is finally put to rest.
Als ein Aspekt von Chancengleichheit ist 'Geschlechtergerechtigkeit' ein Schlüsselbegriff der gegenwärtigen Bildungsdebatte. Die Umsetzung von Geschlechtergerechtigkeit für Mädchen und Jungen innerhalb schulischer Bildungsprozesse kann tatsächlich nur gelingen, wenn die Fachdidaktik Ergebnisse der Geschlechterforschung reflektiert und aufnimmt. Zu den vielfältigen Anforderungen, die an die Fachdidaktiken gestellt werden, tritt die Berücksichtigung der Kategorie 'Geschlecht'. Mit dem Anspruch, eine geschlechtergerechte Bildung in einzelne Fachdidaktiken zu integrieren, leistet das Handbuch eine umfassende Systematisierung und einen ersten Aufschluss der Thematik.
"Invitation to Peace Studies is the first textbook in the field to emphasize 21st-century topics and the latest empirical research, as well as the first to prominently apply a gender perspective to the topics of peace, war, and violence. The book covers traditional peace studies' concerns with interstate wars while offering an equal emphasis on intrastate wars, group- and gender-based violence, and on the many nonviolent movements which have shaped recent world history. Clear and accessible language invites students to become more frequent and effective peace promoters in their own everyday lives. Dozens of case studies and textboxes foreground contemporary topics such as climate change, cyber warfare, digital activism, drones and robots, the occupy movement, peace ecology, positive psychology, religion and violence, and terrorism"--
This report explores how the Dutch government could strengthen the resilience of the Dutch agro-food system and mitigate risks to the supply of critical raw material imports.