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Adjustment in Oil-Importing Developing Countries
Analyses the impact of the oil price rises in the 1970s and 1980s on developing countries.
Turmoil at Twenty
The transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, among all emerging- and developing-economy regions, have been hardest hit by the global economic crisis of 2008-09. This is partly due to the region s deep integration into the global economy across many dimensions trade, financial, and labor flows. Attempts by countries that came later to the transition to catch up rapidly to Western European living standards at a time when global liquidity was unusually abundant, together with some policy weaknesses, made them vulnerable to reversals in market sentiment. Written on the eve of the twentieth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, 'Turmoil at Twenty' anal...
Addressing Inequality in South Asia
Inequality in South Asia appears to be moderate when looking at standard indicators such as the Gini index, which are based on consumption expenditures per capita. But other pieces of evidence reveal enormous gaps, from extravagant wealth at one end to lack of access to the most basic services at the other. Which prompts the question: How bad is inequality in South Asia? And why would that matter? This book takes a comprehensive look at the extent, nature, and drivers of inequality in this very dynamic region of the world. It discusses how some dimensions of inequality, such as high returns to investments in human capital, contribute to economic growth while others, such as high payoffs to r...
Treasury Reference Model
The World Bank and IMF are placing increasing emphasis on projects aimed at improving the management of public finances. An integrated treasury system forms the backbone for recording and processing all transactions. This book provides a treasury reference model (TRM) to give guidelines for the design of automated treasury systems for governments. It provides detailed flow charts of the functional processes associated with Treasury systems. This book also includes a diagnostic questionnaire that could be used to evaluate country specific requirements as well as a set of sample functional specifications that could be used for procurement and/or development of the application software that would be required to implement these systems.
Public Sector Debt, Fiscal Deficits, and Economic Adjustment
Why did some highly indebted Latin American Countries experience high inflation as a result of the external shock of the 1980s, while other countries managed to absorb the shock and resume growth?
Does Eurosclerosis Matter?
"Whether or not labor market rigidities are an important contributor to persistently high levels of unemployment remains at the center of an important debate in Europe. European labor markets are often viewed as rigid and inflexible in opposition to those in North America where legislation is less protective and fosters more mobility. This paper shows that the labor market policies adopted by Central and Eastern European countries, aspiring to join the European Union, do not appear excessively rigid. However, significant and wide- ranging economic reform programs make it difficult to assess the impact of labor market institutions."
Global Development Finance 2003
This publication is the World Bank's annual review of recent trends in and prospects for financial flows to developing countries. It also contains the Bank's projections of the global outlook in light of current global geopolitical uncertainties. It describes a fundamental shift that has occurred in the pattern of private sector financial flows to developing countries. Debt flows have fallen sharply, while equity flows have remained comparatively robust. This shift from debt to equity should diminish the volatility of developing countries' external finance and improve their access to technology, markets, and management expertise. Recovery though has been weak due to broader geopolitical and financial market uncertainties.
Information Systems for Government Fiscal Management
Ready access to accurate and timely information for decision making is a paramount requirement for public sector managers to function effectively in a political environment where fiscal management comes under close scrutiny. This paper presents a methodology for use in developing an integrated network of systems to support the information requirements for economic management. Of particular importance is the concept of developing an information systems architecture that provides an overview of the systems network required to support fiscal management. The proposed architecture identifies the major component modules and the information linkages between these modules. This information architecture can also serve as a road map for systems implementation.
International Marketing
Marketing is a universal activity that is widely applicable, regardless of the political, social or economic systems of a particular country. However, this doesn't mean that consumers in different parts of the world should be satisified in the same way. The 4th edition of International Marketing has been written to enable managers and scholars to meet the international challenges they face everyday. It provides the solid foundation required to understand the complexities of marketing on a global scale. The book has been fully updated with topical case studies, examples of contemporary marketing campaigns, the most relevant discussion topics as well as the most up-to-date theories, references...
Finance & Development, June 2002
This paper highlights that despite unprecedented gains in living standards in some countries over the past few decades, poverty continues as a harsh reality in too much of the developing world. The causes lie in part with poor country governments that have not followed through on the policies and programs needed to accelerate growth and eradicate poverty. But they also reflect the uneven record of development assistance and protectionist trade policies and agricultural subsidies in industrial countries, which have dampened profitable investment and growth in the developing world.
