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Recent Advances in the Understanding of Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis, 2nd edition
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer of the liver and the third most cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The 5-year survival of HCC is less than 20%, making HCC the second most lethal malignancy; the first being pancreatic cancer. HCC usually occurs in patients with chronic liver disease in association with a variety of risk factors, including chronic liver infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus; excessive consumption of alcohol; overeating, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; other metabolic liver diseases including Wilson’s disease, hemochromatosis, and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency; and environmental toxins such as aflatoxins. Tobacco...
Advances in Novel Drugs and Targets for Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Diseases
The global incidence of gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases has been gradually increasing in recent years, which seriously threatens human health and increases the economic burden. More importantly, gastrointestinal and hepatic malignancies have the highest incidence and mortality rates among all tumors, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer. There are also non-neoplastic diseases such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic atrophic gastritis, ulcerative colitis, and reflux esophageal disease that also affect patients' quality of life. Although progress has been made in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases, and corresponding therapeutic drugs have been also developed, the specific mechanisms of the diseases are still not revealed and there is a lack of specific drugs. In view of this, this topic aims to explore new molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and potential therapeutic agents and pharmacological effects of gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases.
Chemotherapy in Esophageal Cancer
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. It has been found to be the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This is due to the challenges associated with early detection due to the lack of specific symptoms, causing the majority of patients to be diagnosed at an advanced stage. The standard treatment for patients is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) specifically from unresectable esophageal cancer patients. The 5-year survival rate for patients receiving CCRT has been found to be approximately 10-30%, primarily due to local tumor recurrence and distant metastasis. Therefore, further studies are required for the identification of diagnostic tools to improve the survival rate and prognosis of the disease.
MicroRNA
This book explores the role of miRNA as therapeutic agents, the progress made in this direction and the problems that need to be addressed for miRNA based therapies to become successful. It also discusses the basic biology of miRNA sythesis, regulation, and their role in disease biology.
