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The implementation of early-stage simulation tools, specifically computational fluid dynamics (CFD), is an international and interdisciplinary trend that allows engineers to computer-test concepts all the way through the development of a process or system. With the enhancement of computing power and efficiency, and the availability of affordable CF
Freezing time and freezing heat load are the two most important factors determining the economics of food freezers. This Brief will review and describe the principal methods available for their calculation. The methods can be classified into analytical methods, which rely on making physical simplifications to be able to derive exact solutions; empirical methods, which use regression techniques to derive simplified equations from experimental data or numerical calculations and numerical methods, which use computational techniques such as finite elements analysis to solve the complete set of equations describing the physical process. The Brief will evaluate the methods against experimental dat...
Consumer demand for a year-round supply of seasonal produce and ready-made meals remains the driving force behind innovation in frozen food technology. Now in its second edition, Handbook of Frozen Food Processing and Packaging explores the art and science of frozen foods and assembles essential data and references relied upon by scientists in univ
This volume contains the best carefully revised full papers selected from the presentations accepted for the AI '93 and AI '94 Workshop on Evolutionary Computation held in Australia. The 21 papers included cover a wide range of topics in the field of evolutionary computation, from constrained function optimization to combinatorial optimization, from evolutionary programming to genetic programming, from robotic strategy learning to co-evolutionary game strategy learning. The papers reflect important recent progress in the field; more than half of the papers come from overseas.
This book presents a comprehensive, integrated view of quality in frozen foods. It addresses quality from a number of perspectives: technological (mechanical and cryogenic methods of freezing); categorical (classification of quality loss); analytical (measurement of quality); theoretical (model building); applied (preventative treatments), and administrative (policy). The book focuses on the principles of freezing and the concepts of quality, and is therefore applicable to research and development of all types of products. Features include: technological and fundamental features of freezing; types of deterioration that occur in frozen foods; treatment to minimize quality losses during freezing and storage; methods to assess quality losses; strategies that impact a frozen product's quality and ultimate consumer acceptance.
In the 21st Century, processing food is no longer a simple or straightforward matter. Ongoing advances in manufacturing have placed new demands on the design and methodology of food processes. A highly interdisciplinary science, food process design draws upon the principles of chemical and mechanical engineering, microbiology, chemistry, nutrition and economics, and is of central importance to the food industry. Process design is the core of food engineering, and is concerned at its root with taking new concepts in food design and developing them through production and eventual consumption. Handbook of Food Process Design is a major new 2-volume work aimed at food engineers and the wider foo...
Food processing technologies are an essential link in the food chain. These technologies are many and varied, changing in popularity with changing consumption patterns and product popularity. Newer process technologies are also being evolved to provide the added advantages. Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies fuses the practical (application, machinery), theoretical (model, equation) and cutting-edge (recent trends), making it ideal for industrial, academic and reference use. It consists of two sections, one covering conventional or well-established existing processes and the other covering emerging or novel process technologies that are expected to be employed in the near...
This book provides a comprehensive source of information on freezing and frozen storage of food. Initial chapters describe the freezing process and provide a fundamental understanding of the thermal and physical processes that occur during freezing. Experts in each stage of the frozen cold chain provide, within dedicated chapters, guidelines and advice on how to freeze food and maintain its quality during storage, transport, retail display and in the home. Individual chapters deal with specific aspects of freezing relevant to the main food commodities: meat, fish, fruit and vegetables. Legislation and new freezing processes are also covered. Frozen Food Science and Technology offers in-depth knowledge of current and emerging refrigeration technologies along the entire frozen food chain, enabling readers to optimise the quality of frozen food products. It is aimed at food scientists, technologists and engineers within the frozen food industry; frozen food retailers; and researchers and students of food science and technology.
Leading pollution control educators and practicing professionals describe how various combinations of different cutting-edge process systems can be arranged to solve air, noise, and thermal pollution problems. Each chapter discusses in detail a variety of process combinations, along with technical and economic evaluations, and presents explanations of the principles behind the designs, as well as numerous variant designs useful to practicing engineers. The emphasis throughout is on developing the necessary engineering solutions from fundamental principles of chemistry, physics, and mathematics. The authors also include extensive references, cost data, design methods, guidance on the installation and operation of various air pollution control process equipment and systems, and Best Available Technologies (BAT) for air thermal and noise pollution control.
The book covers all aspects from the expansion of the Boltzmann transport equation with harmonic functions to application to devices, where transport in the bulk and in inversion layers is considered. The important aspects of stabilization and band structure mapping are discussed in detail. This is done not only for the full band structure of the 3D k-space, but also for the warped band structure of the quasi 2D hole gas. Efficient methods for building the Schrödinger equation for arbitrary surface or strain directions, gridding of the 2D k-space and solving it together with the other two equations are presented.