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This monograph strives to introduce a solid foundation on the usage of Grbner bases in ring theory by focusing on noncommutative associative algebras defined by relations over a field K. It also reveals the intrinsic structural properties of Grbner bases, presents a constructive PBW theory in a quite extensive context and, along the routes built via the PBW theory, the book demonstrates novel methods of using Grbner bases in determining and recognizing many more structural properties of algebras, such as the Gelfand?Kirillov dimension, Noetherianity, (semi-)primeness, PI-property, finiteness of global homological dimension, Hilbert series, (non-)homogeneous p-Koszulity, PBW-deformation...
Sir Dominic Corrigan's classic monograph "On Permanent Patency of the Mouth of the Aorta, or Inadequacy of the Aortic Valves" was published in 1832. Descriptions of aortic regurgitation had previously been published by others, but Corrigan's contribution was so comprehensive that his name is still closely associated with this disorder. He described the physical findings and the underlying gross pathologic anatomy of aortic regurgitation. He recognized that sudden death was not characteristic of aortic regurgitation, as it was in aortic stenosis, and his therapeutic approach was based on firm physiologic principles. In the past 150 years we have expanded Corrigan's work, and we have developed a detailed appreciation of the natural history, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment of chronic aortic regurgitation. Fifteen years ago, cardiac catheterization and angiography had already achieved widespread application in the evaluation of aortic regurgitation, but cardiac ultrasound, especially Doppler echocardiography, was in its infancy, and the utility of radionuclide ventriculography was not widely appreciated.
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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.
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Completely revised and updated with 18 new chapters, this second edition includes contributions from over 75 international experts. Also, a Technical Review Board reviewed all manuscripts for accuracy and currency. Focusing on toxic substance and how they affect the ecosystems worldwide, the book presents methods for quantifying and measuring ecotoxicological effects in the field and in the lab, as well as methods for estimating, predicting, and modeling in ecotoxicology studies. This is the definitive reference for students, researchers, consultants, and other professionals in the environmental sciences, toxicology, chemistry, biology, and ecology - in academia, industry, and government.
This book addresses the biological effects of the reasonably large number of classes of compounds that have been recognized as endocrine disrupters. These compounds have been found to persist as pollutants in the environment, and have been blamed for causing developmental disorders and/or fertility problems in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and possibly humans. This book presents the relevant fundamentals of the endocrine systems of animals and humans, the toxicology, developmental toxicology, ecology, and risk assessment methods, and lays out the current state of understanding for the whole field, organized by the classes of compounds that have been identified as endocrine disrupters.
The papers in this volume present theoretical aspects and applications of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms. Also included are papers on fuzzy logic, soft computing, and artificial intelligence. Fundamental issues are addressed, such as the nonlinear approximation capabilities of neural networks and formal methods of data representation with topological properties. New elements in genetic algorithms are presented, for example, crossover methods and gene representation. Papers on applications of neural networks show how successful these methods are in a wide range of fields like meteorological and atmospheric pollution forecasts, furnace control, and system identification. Genetic algorithms are used to solve optimization problems related to shipping and computer vision. Fuzzy-logic-based techniques are applied to sociodynamic models and hybrid neuro-fuzzy models.