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An overview of biomedical applications and the toxicity properties of carbon nanomaterials aimed at helping to avoid detrimental health effects while laying the groundwork for further research in this highly relevant field. Summarizing recent research, the book starts with the synthesis and functionalization of carbon nanomaterials, as well as identification and detection in biosystems. It then moves on to the interaction between carbon nanoparticles and biocomponents, focusing on the toxicity and mechanisms to various organs and systems and potential biomedical applications as well. Each section highlights the challenges, outlines unanswered questions, and suggests directions for further research and development efforts.
Nitrates remain among the most commonly used therapeutic agents in cardiology. That they can re lieve pain in angina pectoris has been known at least since 1867, when Lauder Brunton described their clinical use. Now, almost 130 years later, we are constantly learning more about their optimal use in anginal syndromes. For example, there is no doubt that nitrate tolerance occurs, but equally no doubt that certain drug dosages help to attenuate such toler ance. Thus, our understanding of nitrate tolerance has been taken further by the advent of new nitrate preparations and by studies at a basic science level. The current intense interest in nitrates has been rekindled by the growing emphasis on...
All aspects of nitrate therapy, including conventional and new formulations and delivery systems, are covered in this book. For each drug the formulation, mechanism of action, indications, effects, adverse reactions and special problems are systematically described. The use of nitrates in specific population groups, such as infants, children and the elderly, is dealt with separately. The book is updated, based not only on the world literature but also on the most recent conference presentations, and provides the reader with thorough and practice-oriented coverage.