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Appalachia
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Mechanisms of DNA Damage and Repair
This book is based on the papers presented at the conference on "Mecha nisms of DNA Damage and Repair: Implications for Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment," held at the National Bureau of Standards on June 2-7, 1985, This volume deals with mechanisms of DNA damage and repair at the molecular level; consequences of unrepaired or misrepaired damage, with major emphasis on carcinogenesis; drugs which bind selectively to altered and potentially damaging DNA sequences; and potential utilization of DNA damage as an endpoint for assessing risks of UV light, ionizing radiations, chemicals, drugs, and hazardous agents in foods. Because the induction of mutations by radiation and genotoxic chemicals has been observed to follow one-hit kinetics in some instances, it is generally assumed that any level of exposure to a DNA-damaging agent may increase the risk of genetic disease or cancer in an exposed population. At the same time, however, there is evidence that although the DNA of living cells is continually damaged by natural background radiation, free radicals, and other naturally occurring processes, most of the damage is normally repaired.
Evolution of Longevity in Animals
The analysis of intra-group correlations between LS and BW at representative intervals yields no consistent support for the hypothesis that lower BW is associated with longer LS. Indeed, among male Wistar rats and C57BL/6J and A/J mice followed since weaning on AL diets, the data suggested that relatively higher BW across the adult LS was generally associated with longer life. Even when the diet was restricted by EOD or RES regimens, this pattern of positive correlations between LS and BW persisted for the C57BL/6J and A/J strains when relative ages were analyzed. However, when BW at absolute ages were correlated with LS, support for the positive relationship between BW and LS was not as for...
Molecular Biology of Aging
It is delightful but humbling to find my face at the start of these Proceedings--there are innumerable other faces which could equally weIl stand there, from among the band who have fore gathered at every gerontology conference since the subject was launched in its present form; but I deeply appreciate being there. Gerontology d. id not grow by accident. Its present standing is the fruit of careful planning, undertaken by European and American scientists back in the 1950's. In those days it was still a "fringe" science, and the conspirators had much the standing of the 1920's Interplanetary Society. The United States itself is the offspring of conspiracy, for when the results of conspiracy a...
Tissue Culture
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Assessment of Risk from Low-Level Exposure to Radiation and Chemicals
The present workshop had its orlglns in discussions among Alexander Hollaender, Oddvar Nygaard, Donald Borg, Richard Setlow and Victor Bond on the need for a symposium that would deal with a broad spectrum of pressing subjects related to the physics, chemistry, and biological actions of ionizing radiations, and the theoretical and practical problems of risk assessment. It soon became apparent that the spectrum of subjects considered was too broad for the desired depth of coverage; in fact, it seemed un likely that the conference participants would have the background knowledge to span the gamut. Therefore, two separate meetings were decided upon, the first of which, Comparison of Mechanisms ...
Genetic Manipulation of Woody Plants
This Volume contains the papers presented by twenty-eight invited speakers at the symposium entitled, "Genetic Manipulation of Woody Plants," held at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, from June 21-25, 1987. Also included are abstracts of contributed poster papers presented during the meeting. That the molecular biology of woody plants is a rapidly expanding field is attested to by the large attendance and high level of enthusiasm generated at the conference. Leading scientists from throughout the world discussed challenging problems and presented new insights into the devel opment of in vitro culture systems, techniques for DNA analysis and manipulation, gene vector systems,...
Basic and Applied Mutagenesis
The aim of the editors of this volume is to use basic and ap plied studies in the field of mutagenesis to approach a problem of especial concern. The problem is that of the usage of toxic chemi cals, particularly agricultural chemicals, in ever-increasing quan tities in those parts of the world that feed the most people. Agri cultural chemicals that are in use in Pakistan are emphasized here. These are the same chemicals that are in use throughout the develop ing world, although the quantities of the different types that are used may vary from country to country, and from region to region within countries. A number of these chemicals can no longer be sold in Europe or in the United States, and it is often difficult to iden tify a scientific reason as to why they are sold at all. It is ironic that toxic chemicals are used as a humanitarian device to rid the world of Pestilence and Famine -- two of the Horsemen of the Apocalypse. If we do not wish poisonous chemicals to become the fifth Horseman of the Apocalypse, then we must begin now to identify and regulate the large-scale usage of toxic sub stances everywhere.
