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Is Education Neglected in Natural Resources-Rich Countries? An Intergenerational Approach in Africa
The literature on the effects of natural resources on education is mixed and inconclusive. In this paper, we adopt an innovative approach by exploring the effects of mineral discoveries and productions on intergenerational educational mobility (IM), linking parents to the children education levels for more than 14 million individuals across 28 African countries and 2,890 districts. We find that mineral discoveries and productions positively affect educational IM for primary education in Africa for individuals exposed to the mineral sites and living in districts with discoveries. Specifically, the probability of upward primary IM increases by 2.7 percentage points (pp.) following mineral disc...
Gender Equality and Electoral Violence in Africa: Unlocking the Peacemaking Potential of Women
We examine the impact of gender equality on electoral violence in Africa using micro-level data from the sixth round of Afrobarometer surveys. The sample covers 30 countries. We find that gender equality is associated with lower electoral violence. Quantitatively, our estimates show that an increase in female-to-male labor force participation ratio by 1 percentage point is correlated with a reduction of the probability of electoral violence across the continent by around 4.2 percentage points. Our results are robust to alternative ways to measure electoral violence and gender equality, as well as to alternative specifications. The findings of this paper support the long-standing view that women empowerment contributes to the reduction of violence and underscore the urgency of addressing gender inequality in Africa.
World Directors and Their Films
In World Directors and Their Films, Bert Cardullo offers readable analyses of some of the most important films and the artists who produced them. Beyond simple biographical capsules and plot summaries, these readings demonstrate with clarity and elegance how international moviemakers use the resources of the medium to pursue complex, significant human goals. Including essays on filmmakers from China, Japan, India, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Iran, Senegal, and Chad, this book is an engaging collection of enlightening and helpful essays that will appeal as much to the general reader as it will to scholars of international cinema.
Foreign Direct Investment and Women Empowerment: New Evidence on Developing Countries
This paper assesses the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on gender development and gender inequality. In fact, FDI through increased labor demand, technological spillovers but mostly through corporate social responsibility and economic growth, can potentially influence women’s welfare. Using a panel dataset of 94 developing countries from 1990 to 2015, we find that FDI inflows improve women’s welfare and decrease gender inequality. However, the impact is lower in countries where women have low access to resources and face a heavier burden to open a business. This suggests that for countries to fully benefit from FDI inflows, they should ensure that women can enjoy free access to the labor market and associated income.
The Hidden God
"... offers a range of approaches to cinema's explorations of a hidden or absent God through a group of essays by thirty-five writers who discuss some fifty movies"--p. 11.
Echoes Across Borders
This paper quantifies the macroeconomic spillover effects of conflict within sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries using a new Conflict Spillover Index (CSI), which accounts for conflict intensity and distance from conflict-affected countries. Our findings reveal an escalation in conflict spillovers across SSA since 2011, marked by considerable cross-country heterogeneity. Impulse responses show that conflict spillovers shocks significantly and persistently hinder economic growth, while concurrently elevating inflation in the “home” country. Conflict spillover shocks are also associated with increases in (current) government spending and government debt. Furthermore, the international trad...
Côte D’Ivoire: Selected Issues
Selected Issues
Good Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa
Governance and corruption issues have taken the center stage in international discussions, especially after the adoption by the IMF in 2018 of a new framework for engagement on governance and corruption. Sound institutions that guarantee integrity in the management of public affairs are critical on the path toward higher and more inclusive growth. Corruption undermines the quality of institutions, weakens the effectiveness of government programs, and compromises social trust in government policies. Indeed, countries around the world that improved their governance systems are reaping a “governance dividend,” and governance-enhancing reformist countries in sub-Saharan Africa include Botswa...
Unveiling Developmental Disparities in the Middle East
Unveiling developmental disparities in the Middle East is essential for understanding the complex socio-economic landscape of the region, often containing critical inequalities and varied economic growth. Despite being rich in resources and cultural heritage, many countries in the Middle East face significant challenges, including political instability, economic volatility, and social unrest, which hinder equitable development. Examining these factors contributing to inequality may help scholars and government officials better address the barriers to sustainable development. Understanding present disparities in the region is crucial for policymakers, international organizations, and communit...
Regional Economic Outlook, April 2019, Sub-Saharan Africa
The economic recovery in sub-Saharan Africa is expected to continue, but at a slower pace than envisaged in October 2018. This weaker outlook reflects domestic and external challenges. On the external side, the global expansion is losing momentum, including in China and the euro area, trade tensions remain elevated, global financial conditions have tightened, and commodity prices are expected to remain low. On the domestic front, security challenges, climate shocks, and policy uncertainty are hampering investment and weighing on economic prospects in several countries. Under current policies, medium-term average growth for the region is expected to continue to fall well short of what is needed to absorb the new entrants to the labor force and to deliver limited gains in living standards.
