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Mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder, are a global public health problem because of their high prevalence, chronicity, and recurrence throughout the lifespan as well as increased risk of mortality. These disorders are often associated with anatomical and functional brain alterations. In the last few decades, brain imaging research has made it possible to investigate these alternations in patients with neuropsychiatric illnesses. In particular, novel neuroimaging methods (e.g., structural/functional magnetic resonance imaging), have allowed researchers to further understand both anatomical and functional deficits in patients with mood disorders.
Disturbances of various domains of cognitive function have been shown to provide a major determinant of outcome for patients with psychiatric conditions. Cognitive impairment is present in an array of diseases, including schizophrenia (with its prodromal stage), mood disorder, autism spectrum disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic disorder, and eating disorder. In an effort to develop effective therapeutics for cognitive impairment, bridging of preclinical and clinical evidence has been attempted. This edited Book will provide a forum for researchers and clinicians interested in the phenomenology, underlying mechanisms, and treatment of cognitive impairment associated with psychiatric illnesses. Twenty-eight contributions from 8 countries in Europe, Middle East, Asia, North America, and South America represent studies dealing with genetic, molecular, imaging, physiological, psychological, and behavioral issues. Information in this Book will facilitate the development of therapeutics of greater clinical value.
Mental health, including widespread depression and a very high suicide rate, is a major problem in Japan. At the same time, the mental health system in Japan has historically been more restrictive than elsewhere in the world. This book looks at the challenges of mental illness in Japan, including deficiencies in health care such as the abuse of patients and the institutionalisation of long term patients in mental hospitals.
Major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression represent complex phenotypes with imprecise diagnostic boundaries. It has been found that these disorders can be characterized by a number of peripheral immune-inflammatory alterations, including, i.e. elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased levels of specific and non-specific antibodies or abnormal counts of lymphocyte subpopulations. Although it has been found that major psychiatric disorders share similar dysregulations of immune-inflammatory response, recent studies have also clearly demonstrated that some differences can be indicated. Interestingly, certain immune-inflammatory di...
This volume contains research articles and reviews describing behavioral, cognitive, computational, genetic, and pharmacological studies of schizophrenia. Articles will include reports on the latest research on neural substrates of positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia; computational theory; behavioral neurogenetic, and neuropsychological studies of schizophrenia. We also welcome research articles reporting effects of medications, including antipsychotics, on schizophrenia symptoms and behavior.
pt. 1. List of patentees.--pt. 2. Index to subjects of inventions.
The Five Factor Model (FFM) is one of the most widely accepted taxonomies of personality and includes various aspects of social behavior and emotional responsiveness: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Among these, neuroticism has been widely recognized in various theoretical approaches to human personality. Neuroticism is characterized by a tendency to worry and be anxious and is related to the experience of having a negative affect. Many previous studies have demonstrated that neuroticism is associated with depressive symptoms or depression. A large meta-analysis reported higher levels of neuroticism in individuals suffering from depression than in h...