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IUTAM Symposium on Modelling Nanomaterials and Nanosystems
Recent interest in nanotechnology is challenging the community to analyse, develop and design nanometer to micrometer-sized devices for applications in new generations of computer, electronics, photonics and drug delivery systems. To successfully design and fabricate novel nanomaterials and nanosystems, we must necessarily bridge the gap in our understanding of mechanical properties and processes at length scales ranging from 100 nanometers (where atomistic simulations are currently possible) to a micron (where continuum mechanics is experimentally validated). For this purpose the difficulties and complexity originate in the substantial differences in philosophy and viewpoints between conventional continuum mechanics and quantum theories. The challenge lies in how to establish the relationship between a continuum mechanical system and its atomistic counterpart in order to define continuum variables that are calculable within an atomic system.
Nonlinearity in Energy Harvesting Systems
This book is a single-source guide to nonlinearity and nonlinear techniques in energy harvesting, with a focus on vibration energy harvesters for micro and nanoscale applications. The authors demonstrate that whereas nonlinearity was avoided as an undesirable phenomenon in early energy harvesters, now it can be used as an essential part of these systems. Readers will benefit from an overview of nonlinear techniques and applications, as well as deeper insight into methods of analysis and modeling of energy harvesters, employing different nonlinearities. The role of nonlinearity due to different aspects of an energy harvester is discussed, including nonlinearity due to mechanical-to-electrical conversion, nonlinearity due to conditioning electronic circuits, nonlinearity due to novel materials (e.g., graphene), etc. Coverage includes tutorial introductions to MEMS and NEMS technology, as well as a wide range of applications, such as nonlinear oscillators and transducers for energy harvesters and electronic conditioning circuits for effective energy processing.
Nanoscale Thermoelectrics
For the efficient utilization of energy resources and the minimization of environmental damage, thermoelectric materials can play an important role by converting waste heat into electricity directly. Nanostructured thermoelectric materials have received much attention recently due to the potential for enhanced properties associated with size effects and quantum confinement. Nanoscale Thermoelectrics describes the theory underlying these phenomena, as well as various thermoelectric materials and nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, SiGe nanowires, and graphene nanoribbons. Chapters written by leading scientists throughout the world are intended to create a fundamental bridge between thermoelectrics and nanotechnology, and to stimulate readers' interest in developing new types of thermoelectric materials and devices for power generation and other applications. Nanoscale Thermoelectrics is both a comprehensive introduction to the field and a guide to further research, and can be recommended for Physics, Electrical Engineering, and Materials Science departments.
Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2006
Proceedings from the 14th European Conference for Mathematics in Industry held in Madrid present innovative numerical and mathematical techniques. Topics include the latest applications in aerospace, information and communications, materials, energy and environment, imaging, biology and biotechnology, life sciences, and finance. In addition, the conference also delved into education in industrial mathematics and web learning.
Nanomaterials
This book explores the revolutionary impact of nanomaterials in energy storage, medicine, environmental remediation, and materials science. It highlights the potential of diverse materials, from sodium-ion battery cathodes to plant-derived silver nanoparticles for water remediation. The book also examines nanotechnology's role in enhancing animal nutrition, advancing mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery, and integrating industrial waste like fly ash into polyurethane for sustainability. The study of metal oxide nanowires for optoelectronics further illustrates nanomaterials' transformative power. Through innovative synthesis and characterization, the book presents nanotechnology as a key driver of sustainable development, offering valuable insights for researchers, professionals, and students in materials science, environmental sciences, and nanotechnology.
Advances in Thermoelectricity: Foundational Issues, Materials and Nanotechnology
The field of thermoelectricity has continued to develop rapidly in recent years and remains one of the most exciting areas of research for a materials physicist. The need for sustainable energy has added a technological momentum to the challenge of devising materials with exceptional properties such as low thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity and a large Seebeck coefficient, and has triggered a global, interdisciplinary effort. More recently, research on thermoelectric materials has promoted and motivated a major research endeavor to clarify the factors affecting thermal conductivity in nanostructures as part of a more general effort to apply nanotechnology to enhance the perfo...
Charge and Spin Transport in Disordered Graphene-Based Materials
This thesis presents an in-depth theoretical analysis of charge and spin transport properties in complex forms of disordered graphene. It relies on innovative real space computational methods of the time-dependent spreading of electronic wave packets. First a universal scaling law of the elastic mean free path versus the average grain size is predicted for polycrystalline morphologies, and charge mobilities of up to 300.000 cm2/V.s are determined for 1 micron grain size, while amorphous graphene membranes are shown to behave as Anderson insulators. An unprecedented spin relaxation mechanism, unique to graphene and driven by spin/pseudospin entanglement is then reported in the presence of weak spin-orbit interaction (gold ad-atom impurities) together with the prediction of a crossover from a quantum spin Hall Effect to spin Hall effect (for thallium ad-atoms), depending on the degree of surface ad-atom segregation and the resulting island diameter.
シリコンに導入されたドーパントの物理
本書は、半導体デバイスにおいて最も重要な技術の一つである不純物ドーピングにおける基本的な課題や学術的疑問点を取り上げ、それらを物理的な観点から理解を深めることを目的としています。シリコンナノエレクトロニクスおよびシリコンパワー半導体技術の両方に対して、ドーピングに伴って起こるさまざまな現象の物理的理解に関する議論と、さらにその理解に基づいて課題をどのように克服するかという技術展開を詳述しています。 【目次】 第1部 ドーピングの基礎 第1章 シリコン中の1×10^10から1×10^20cm^...
