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Large-scale development projects oftentimes end up creating negative impacts that affect vulnerable populations with particular intensity. Projects likely to displace families from their homes, degrade the living conditions of indigenous peoples or intensify social conflicts at local levels are not uncommon. Social safeguards are intended to prevent these and other unintended impacts, and when the impacts cannot be averted, to develop appropriate measures to mitigate them. However, the practical implementation of social safeguards is plagued with a series of structural problems. The collection of stories from the field presented in this book illustrates the principles and application of social safeguards in the context of projects funded by multilateral banks, identifying key challenges in their implementation and exploring paths to overcome those limitations.
When it comes to environmental conservation and sustainable development initiatives in tropical forests, indigenous peoples are key players. They have been described often as either conservationists or destroyers of biodiversity. The position adopted on this matter is important because it guides the design and implementation of conservation strategies. The central question about what makes indigenous peoples conserve or degrade biodiversity, however, has posed a significant challenge, particularly in light of widespread trends such as cultural change, market expansion, and greater diversification of livelihoods. The reasons why indigenous communities end up degrading or conserving natural re...
This book gathers the joint proceedings of the VIII Latin American Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CLAIB 2019) and the XLII National Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CNIB 2019). It reports on the latest findings and technological outcomes in the biomedical engineering field. Topics include: biomedical signal and image processing; biosensors, bioinstrumentation and micro-nanotechnologies; biomaterials and tissue engineering. Advances in biomechanics, biorobotics, neurorehabilitation, medical physics and clinical engineering are also discussed. A special emphasis is given to practice-oriented research and to the implementation of new technologies in clinical settings. The book provides academics and professionals with extensive knowledge on and a timely snapshot of cutting-edge research and developments in the field of biomedical engineering.
2020 L.A. Times Book Prize Finalist, History A provocative examination of how the U.S. military has shaped our entire world, from today’s costly, endless wars to the prominence of violence in everyday American life. The United States has been fighting wars constantly since invading Afghanistan in 2001. This nonstop warfare is far less exceptional than it might seem: the United States has been at war or has invaded other countries almost every year since independence. In The United States of War, David Vine traces this pattern of bloody conflict from Columbus's 1494 arrival in Guantanamo Bay through the 250-year expansion of a global U.S. empire. Drawing on historical and firsthand anthropo...
"Argentina's missing bones: revisiting the history of the dirty war examines the history of state terrorism during Argentina's 1976-83 military dictatorship in a single place: the industrial city of Córdoba, Argentina's second largest city and the site of some of the dirty war's greatest crimes. It examines the city's previous history of social protest, working-class militancy, and leftist activism as an explanation for the particular nature of the dirty war there. Argentina's missing bones examines both national and transnational influences on the counter-revolutionary war in Córdoba. The book also considers the legacy of this period and examines the role of the state in constructing a public memory of the violence and holding those responsible accountable through the most extensive trials for crimes against humanity to take place anywhere in Latin America"--Provided by publisher.
"This book offers a historic and anthropological perspective from which to understand the fragility of isolated indigenous groups in the face of contact with outside society. It helps us appreciate the importance, in terms of cultural and biological diversity, of safeguarding their territories for both their future and that of the human race." "Drawing on scientific and legal principles, international agreements, and primarily from the perspective of human rights, Beatriz Huertas Castillo presents solid arguments concerning the urgent need for national and international efforts to defend the territories, cultural integrity and life ways of isolated indigenous peoples."--BOOK JACKET.
The history of Peru unfolds in the lives of the descendants of seven children fathered by a Catholic priest and his longtime secret lover. Renato Cisneros's great-great-grandmother Nicolasa bore seven children by her long-term secret love, who was also her priest, raising them alone in nineteenth century Peru. More than a century later, Renato, the descendent of that clandestine affair, struggles to wring information about his origins out of recalcitrant relatives, whose foibles match the adventures and dalliances of their ancestors. As buried secrets are brought into the light, the story of Nicolasa's progeny unfolds, bound up with key moments in the development of the Republic of Peru since its independence.