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How did Latin Americans represent their own countries as modern? By treating modernity as a ubiquitous category in which ideas of progress and decadence are far from being mutually exclusive, this book explores how different groups of intellectuals, between the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, drew from European sociological and medical theories to produce a series of cultural representations based on notions of degeneration. Through a comparative analysis of three country case studies - Argentina, Uruguay and Chile - the book investigates four themes that were central to definitions of Latin American modernity at the turn of the century: race and the nation, the search for the autochthonous, education, and aesthetic values. It takes a transnational approach to show how civilisational constructs were adopted and adapted in a postcolonial context where cultural modernism foreshadowed economic modernisation. In doing this, this work sheds new light on the complex discursive negotiations through which the idea of 'Latin America' became gradually established in the region.
This is a definitive study of a major intellectual movement of nineteenth-century Spain - the 'harmonic rationalism' of Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (1781-1832). Professor López-Morillas clearly outlines the Krausist philosophy (dedicated to an ideal of universal brotherhood) and its relevance to Spain, where it had an unexpectedly powerful influence.
Originally published in 1934, this book presents a highly readable account of the intellectual development of Spain following the 'Glorious Revolution' of 1868. The text is based around a series of intimate, personal sketches of the reformers and educators of the generation of 1868, but also deals extensively with broader cultural contexts as well. Politics is avoided where possible, and questions of the monarchical or republican reforms of government, of clerical or lay teaching in schools, are measured by their practical results on education in Spain, not by their theoretical implications in an ideal state. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in Spanish cultural history and educational history.
Women’s reproduction, including conception, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, and other physical acts of motherhood (as well as the rejection of those roles), played a critical role in the evolution and management of Cuba’s population. While existing scholarship has approached Cuba’s demographic history through the lens of migration, both forced and voluntary, Race and Reproduction in Cuba challenges this male-normative perspective by centering women in the first book-length history of reproduction in Cuba. Bonnie A. Lucero traces women’s reproductive lives, as well as key medical, legal, and institutional interventions influencing them, over four centuries. Her study begins in t...
Includes reports of the meetings of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques, and, 1851-1852, of the Académie de législation de Toulouse.