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Although the crusades ended several hundred years ago, they remain a vexed issue today, not least for Muslims, who seem to evoke the crusades whenever the problem of contemporary Muslim violence is discussed. President Obama’s National Prayer Breakfast speech suggested that the crusades have robbed the West of the right to criticise Islamic violence. Were the crusades holy wars? Were there any other motives behind the crusades? Why have popes recently apologised to Muslims for the crusades? The crusades are examined against Christian and Muslim standards. Did the Roman Catholic Church use the Word of God appropriately? Could the crusades have been prevented by an earlier Protestant Reformation? The issue of a Just War is discussed. Can the crusades be justified from a Christian point of view? What preceded the crusades in Christian-Muslim relations? Are Muslims the victims of the crusades? Can the House of Islam justify continuing their war on Christians today because of the crusades? What can be learnt from the crusades?
Many non Muslim scholars and world leading figures, Prince Charles most particularly, have recognised both the decisive impact of Islamic science on modern civilisation and its general neglect in historical and other narratives.This book aims to correct such a neglect and to show the strong Islamic impact on sciences, the arts, architecture, industry, trade and finance as well as literature. The books shows the places, and chronicles the times, of impact.This is the only work in any language that has looked at this issue in such a detailed manner.It relies on the use of hundreds of sources of references both old and recent.
In this book, S. E. Al-Djazairi complements his substantial works on Islamic Civilisation by detailing the nature of the myth of Muslim Barbarism, how it was built through the ages and what forms it takes today. He demonstrates the fallacies at the heart of each of its aspects including the charges of intolerance, and oppression of women.
Citizenship Education in Conflict-Affected Areas examines the practices of learning and teaching citizenship in Lebanon, and explores the implications of the research findings for those working in other sites affected by conflict. Bassel Akar analyses rich empirical data, such as semi-structured interviews with teachers and open-ended survey packs with children in classrooms, which reveal conflicts in notions of citizenship and pedagogical approaches. These in-depth explorations of classroom learning and teaching show the hidden and subtle factors that often subvert intentions to promote social cohesion and active citizenship through education. Examining how individual conceptualizations of ...
After 9/11, the US response to Al-Qaeda - the Global War on Terror - was heavily influenced by the 'clash of civilizations' theory. This book identifies the twenty-first century proponents of the thesis, such as Bernard Lewis and Daniel Pipes, their links to the Bush government and their roles in exploiting hostility between the West and Islam.
馬穆魯克蘇丹國是中世紀的王國,橫跨埃及,黎凡特和海加茲。 從推翻阿育吠陀王朝一直持續到1517年奧斯曼帝國對埃及的征服。歷史學家傳統上將馬穆魯克統治時期分為兩個時期,一個時期為1250-1382年,另一個時期為1382-1517年。 西方歷史學家將前者稱為" Bari"時期,而將後者稱為" Burji",這是由於在各個時代這些名稱所稱政權的政治優勢。 當代的穆斯林歷史學家指的是與"突厥"時期和"切爾克斯時期"時期相同的劃分,以強調大多數馬穆魯克人的族裔起源的變化。 科爾多瓦酋長國是烏馬亞德王朝統治的伊比利亞半島獨立酋長國...
Мамлюкският султанат е средновековно царство, обхващащо Египет, Левант и Хеджаз. Тя продължи от свалянето на династията Аюбиди до османското завладяванена Египет през 1517 г. Историците традиционно разделиха ерата на мамлюкската власт на два периода - единият обхваща 1250-1382, а другият -1382-1517. Западните историци наричат първия период "Бари", а втория - "Бурджи" поради политическото гос...
蒙古人的入侵和征服發生在13世紀,創建了廣闊的蒙古帝國,到1300年,它覆蓋了歐亞大陸的大部分地區。 歷史學家認為蒙古的毀滅是歷史上最致命的事件之一。 此外,蒙古探險隊可能在整個亞洲和歐洲蔓延了鼠疫,並助長了14世紀的黑死病。 蒙古帝國是在13世紀期間通過一系列在整個亞洲的勝利戰役而發展起來的,到1240年代到達東歐。 與後來的英國等"海洋帝國"形成鮮明對比的是,蒙古帝國是陸地上的強國,由草食性的蒙古騎兵和牲畜推動。 因此,大多數蒙古人的征服和掠奪都是在溫暖的季節進行的,那時牧群有足夠的放...