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A survey of pseudorandomness, the theory of efficiently generating objects that look random despite being constructed using little or no randomness. This theory has significance for areas in computer science and mathematics, including computational complexity, algorithms, cryptography, combinatorics, communications, and additive number theory.
This is a graduate textbook of advanced tutorials on the theory of cryptography and computational complexity. In particular, the chapters explain aspects of garbled circuits, public-key cryptography, pseudorandom functions, one-way functions, homomorphic encryption, the simulation proof technique, and the complexity of differential privacy. Most chapters progress methodically through motivations, foundations, definitions, major results, issues surrounding feasibility, surveys of recent developments, and suggestions for further study. This book honors Professor Oded Goldreich, a pioneering scientist, educator, and mentor. Oded was instrumental in laying down the foundations of cryptography, and he inspired the contributing authors, Benny Applebaum, Boaz Barak, Andrej Bogdanov, Iftach Haitner, Shai Halevi, Yehuda Lindell, Alon Rosen, and Salil Vadhan, themselves leading researchers on the theory of cryptography and computational complexity. The book is appropriate for graduate tutorials and seminars, and for self-study by experienced researchers, assuming prior knowledge of the theory of cryptography.
TCC 2005, the 2nd Annual Theory of Cryptography Conference, was held in Cambridge,Massachusetts,onFebruary10–12,2005.Theconferencereceived84 submissions,ofwhichtheprogramcommitteeselected32forpresentation.These proceedings contain the revised versions of the submissions that were presented at the conference. These revisions have not been checked for correctness, and the authors bear full responsibility for the contents of their papers. The conference program also included a panel discussion on the future of theoretical cryptography and its relationship to the real world (whatever that is). It also included the traditional “rump session,” featuring short, informal talks on late-breaking...
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, APPROX 2011, and the 15th International Workshop on Randomization and Computation, RANDOM 2011, held in Princeton, New Jersey, USA, in August 2011. The volume presents 29 revised full papers of the APPROX 2011 workshop, selected from 66 submissions, and 29 revised full papers of the RANDOM 2011 workshop, selected from 64 submissions. They were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. In addition two abstracts of invited talks are included. APPROX focuses on algorithmic and complexity issues surrounding the development of efficient approximate solutions to computationally difficult problems. RANDOM is concerned with applications of randomness to computational and combinatorial problems.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third Theory of Cryptography Conference, TCC 2006, held in March 2006. The 31 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on zero-knowledge, primitives, assumptions and models, the bounded-retrieval model, privacy, secret sharing and multi-party computation, universally-composible security, one-way functions and friends, and pseudo-random functions and encryption.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the first International Theory of Cryptography Conference, TCC 2004, held in Cambridge, MA, USA in February 2004. The 28 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. The papers constitute a unique account of original research results on theoretical and foundational topics in cryptography; they deal with the paradigms, approaches, and techniques used to conceptualize, define, and provide solutions to natural cryptographic problems.
This book presents a collection of 36 pieces of scientific work in the areas of complexity theory and foundations of cryptography: 20 research contributions, 13 survey articles, and 3 programmatic and reflective viewpoint statements. These so far formally unpublished pieces were written by Oded Goldreich, some in collaboration with other scientists. The articles included in this book essentially reflect the topical scope of the scientific career of Oded Goldreich now spanning three decades. In particular the topics dealt with include average-case complexity, complexity of approximation, derandomization, expander graphs, hashing functions, locally testable codes, machines that take advice, NP-completeness, one-way functions, probabilistically checkable proofs, proofs of knowledge, property testing, pseudorandomness, randomness extractors, sampling, trapdoor permutations, zero-knowledge, and non-iterative zero-knowledge. All in all, this potpourri of studies in complexity and cryptography constitutes a most valuable contribution to the field of theoretical computer science centered around the personal achievements and views of one of its outstanding representatives.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th International Conference on the Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, FSTTCS 2007, held in New Delhi, India, in December 2007. The 40 revised full papers presented together with five invited papers were carefully reviewed. They provide original research results in fundamental aspects of computer science and reports from the frontline of software technology and theoretical computer science.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Sixth Theory of Cryptography Conference, TCC 2009, held in San Francisco, CA, USA, March 15-17, 2009. The 33 revised full papers presented together with two invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 109 submissions. The papers are organized in 10 sessions dealing with the paradigms, approaches and techniques used to conceptualize, define and provide solutions to natural cryptographic problems.
This is the joint refereed proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, APPROX 2006 and the 10th International Workshop on Randomization and Computation, RANDOM 2006. The book presents 44 carefully reviewed and revised full papers. Among the topics covered are design and analysis of approximation algorithms, hardness of approximation problems, small spaces and data streaming algorithms, embeddings and metric space methods, and more.