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Consolation for the Tribulations of Israel (Consolaçam Ás Tribulaçoens de Israel)
Samuel Usque, an exile from the expulsion of the Jews from Spain and Portugal, offers an answer to the question, "Does suffering have any purpose?" Translated from the Portuguese with an Introduction by Martin A. Cohen.
Ideas of Jewish History
Despite the vicissitudes of their anomalous historical experience, the Jews survive as am identifiable entity. They have withstood one challenge after another - both physical and intellectual - somehow maintaining an historical continuity. How Jewish writers have dealt with this enigma serves as the subject of this volume. With these words from the Preface, Michael A. Meyer characterizes the scope of his Ideas of Jewish History. As the only volume of readings in the area of Jewish historiography and the philosophy of Jewish history, Ideas of Jewish History acquaints the reader with both the universal and the particular challenges inherent in the writing of Jewish history.
Consolaçam Ás Tribulaçoens De Israel, Volume 1...
Translated to English as 'Consolation to the Tribulations of Israel, ' this book is a collection of letters and essays written in the 16th century by Portuguese Jewish writer Samuel Usque. The work is a masterpiece of Jewish literature, offering insight into the history, culture, and religious practices of Sephardic Jews during the period of the Inquisition in Portugal and Spain. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Jews and the Expansion of Europe to the West, 1450-1800
Jews and Judaism played a significant role in the history of the expansion of Europe to the west as well as in the history of the economic, social, and religious development of the New World. They played an important role in the discovery, colonization, and eventually exploitation of the resources of the New World. Alone among the European peoples who came to the Americas in the colonial period, Jews were dispersed throughout the hemisphere; indeed, they were the only cohesive European ethnic or religious group that lived under both Catholic and Protestant regimes, which makes their study particularly fruitful from a comparative perspective. As distinguished from other religious or ethnic minorities, the Jewish struggle was not only against an overpowering and fierce nature but also against the political regimes that ruled over the various colonies of the Americas and often looked unfavorably upon the establishment and tleration of Jewish communities in their own territory. Jews managed to survive and occasionally to flourish against all odds, and their history in the Americas is one of the more fascinating chapters in the early modern history of European expansion.
The Existential Philosophy of Etty Hillesum
In The Existential Philosophy of Etty Hillesum Meins G.S. Coetsier breaks new ground by demonstrating the Jewish existential nature of Etty Hillesum’s spiritual and cultural life in light of the writings of Martin Buber, Emmanuel Levinas and Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Hillesum’s diaries and letters, written between 1941 and 1943, illustrate her struggle to come to terms with her personal life in the context of the Second World War and the Shoah. By finding God under the rubble of the horrors, she rediscovers the divine presence between humankind, while taking up responsibility for the Other as a way to embrace justice and compassion. In a fascinating, accessible and thorough study, Coetsier dispels much of the confusion that assails readers when they are exposed to the bewildering range of Christian and Jewish influences and other cultural interpretations of her writings. The result is a convincing and profound picture of Etty Hillesum's path to spiritual freedom.
The Long Journey of Gracia Mendes
The historical biography of a true Jewish heroine in her day, Gracia Mendes. Born in 1510 in Portugal, the book details this woman's extraordinary personality until her death in 1569 in Constantinople (today's Istanbul). Her life exemplified a perseverance by the Jewish culture to survive and triumph even in the worst of conditions. As a young girl, Gracia secretly married successful Jewish spice trader, Francisco Mendes. But at age 27 she became a widow, yet she went on to raise her children and run the family business all on her own. Her travels led her through Antwerp, Venice, Ferrara, Ragusa, and finally to Constantinople, from where the Ottoman Empire dominated former Byzantium territories and offered shelter for battered Conversos (converted Jews). The text recounting the last fifteen years of Gracia's life at the center of the Empire is particularly revealing. Birnbaum's biography has the unique distinction of being the first among many studies to pay tribute to a woman during this period. It is also one of the first titles to pay equal attention to the lives of the Conversos in Christian West Europe and in the Muslim East.
The Merchant of Venice
This edition of Shakespeare s The Merchant of Venice reprints the Bevington edition of the play accompanied by four sets of thematically arranged primary documents and illustrations designed to facilitate many different approaches to Shakespeare s play and the early modern culture out of which the play emerges. The texts include maps, woodcuts, sermons, statutes, early modern documents reflecting Christian attitudes toward Jews and Jewish reactions to these attitudes, excerpts from the bible on money lending as well as contemporary discourses on usury and commerce, excerpts from the first account of Jewish life written in the vernacular by a Jew for a Christian audience, anti-Catholic tracts, travel accounts, diplomatic reports, scenes from a morality play about the corrupting effects of money, royal proclamations concerning the treatment of aliens, conduct literature, and contemporary treatises on the role of women.
