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Why do some militaries support and others thwart transitions to democracy? After the Arab Spring revolutions, why did Egypt's military stage a coup to end the transition? Conversely, why did Tunisia's military initially support the transition, only to later facilitate the elected president's dismantling of democracy? In Soldiers of Democracy? Military Legacies and the Arab Spring, Sharan Grewal argues that a military's behavior under democracy is shaped by how it had been treated under autocracy. Autocrats who had empowered their militaries produce soldiers who will repress protests and stage coups to preserve their privileges. Meanwhile, autocrats who had marginalized their militaries produ...
In the tumultuous aftermath of the Arab uprisings, Tunisia charted a unique path that has earned it praise as "a beacon of hope" in a troubled region. Since the 2011 revolution, it has embraced a new culture of democracy, based on pluralism, civilian rule and the peaceful transfer of power. Equally noteworthy are the country's burgeoning civil society, its various institutional reforms and its progressive new constitution, which upholds individual freedoms and champions women's rights. But in spite of these achievements, daunting challenges remain. Although Tunisia has succeeded in defusing many crises, its transition has been uneasy; its democracy is fragile and its future continues to be u...
A definitive overview of what political scientists are working on within the Middle East and North Africa. The Arab Uprisings of 2011-12 catalyzed a new wave of rigorous, deeply informed research on the politics of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In The Political Science of the Middle East, Marc Lynch, Jillian Schwedler, and Sean Yom present the definitive overview of this pathbreaking turn. This is a monumental stocktaking organized around a singular theme: new theorizing from the MENA has advanced the frontiers of comparative politics and international relations, and the close-range study of the region occupies a core place in mainstream political science. Its dozen chapters cover...
Analyses the politics of policing in a range of regime types across East and Southeast Asia.
This work presents essays by Rached Ghannouchi, a prominent Muslim thinker and politician, on the meaning of freedom, democracy, pluralism, and constitutionalism in Islam, reflecting a turn in Islamist thought and practice towards embracing pluralist democracy. It makes available a number of Ghannouchi's most important essays for the first time. The book also includes a lengthy philosophical-theological dialogue between Ghannouchi and Andrew March, an American political theorist.
New realities in US higher education present a multifaceted crisis for students, faculty, administrators, and society at large. In this original and practical book, Naomi Zack provides incisive diagnoses of pressing problems and prescriptions to reinstate and support US higher education as an intellectually and ethically valuable institution. Among the problems addressed are the US Supreme Court ban of affirmative action; falling enrollment and low retention; downsized and defunded humanities; the unjust situation of adjunct instructors; college firsts confronting social class; student mental health and microaggressions; disruptive free speech; the mind-numbing effects of AI; campus dangers and insecurity; and anti-intellectual ideological political pressure. The novel ideas and policy changes proposed here result in a new model of belonging for the multiplicities of race, ethnicity, gender, class, age, and nationality––and more––in current and future college communities. An Open Access edition of this book is available through funding by Lehman College, CUNY. It is accessible on the publisher's website under the Features tab.
The book examines how religious institutional structures affect Islamist and Catholic political parties in the Middle East and Western Europe.
In the wake of the Arab Spring, newly empowered factions in Tunisia and Egypt vowed to work together to establish democracy. In Tunisia, political elites passed a new constitution, held parliamentary elections, and demonstrated the strength of their democracy with a peaceful transfer of power. Yet in Egypt, unity crumbled due to polarization among elites. Presenting a new theory of polarization under authoritarianism, the book reveals how polarization and the legacies of repression led to these substantially divergent political outcomes. The book documents polarization among the opposition in Tunisia and Egypt prior to the Arab Spring, tracing how different kinds of repression influenced the bonds between opposition groups.
How did ordinary Iraqis survive the occupation of their communities by the Islamic State? How did they decide whether to stay or flee, to cooperate or resist? Based on an original survey from Baghdad alongside key interviews in the field, this book offers an insightful account of how Iraqis in different areas of the country responded to the rise and fall of the Islamic State. Austin J. Knuppe argues that people adopt survival repertoires—a variety of social practices, tools, organized routines, symbols, and rhetorical strategies—to navigate wartime violence and detect threats. He traces how repertoires varied among different communities over the course of the conflict. In areas insulated...
Terrorist, Ölscheich, voll verschleierte Frau – Stereotype über Araber sind seit dem 11. September in den US-Medien und der Populärkultur omnipräsent. Selten kommt die arabische Minderheit in den USA selbst zu Wort. Dieses Buch untersucht deshalb den literarischen Selbstausdruck arabisch-amerikanischer Autorinnen und Autoren. So wird sichtbar, was es bedeutet, im eigenen Land zum Feind geworden zu sein. Dabei wird auch die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit patriarchalen Strukturen und religiösem Eifer in der arabisch-amerikanischen Community und der arabischen Welt einbezogen.