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In Defense of Two-tiered Orthodoxy
This is a study of a monograph written by a Maliki jurist in 7th/13th century Ay yubid-Mamluk Egypt. Chapter One is an overview of the life and times of Shihab a l-Din al-Qarafi (d.684/1285). It also traces the relationship among the schools of law in Ayyubid-Mamluk Egypt. Chapter Two looks into the immediate historical circumstances that prompted al-Qarafi to write this work. In particular, I discu ss the problematic relationship between the Shafi'i Chief Justice of Egypt and j udges from the remaining schools of law. Chapter Three is a detailed analysis of al-Qarafis defense of the inviolable status of the rulings handed down by judge s from all four schools, even when these happen to diff...
The Mirror of the Other: Shihab Al-Din Al-Qarafi's Splendid Replies
This dissertation focuses on a polemical work written by the thirteenth-century Egyptian Maliki scholar, Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi, entitled al-Ajwiba al-fakhira `an al-as'ila al-fajira (Splendid Replies to Insolent Questions). This work was the first of three major Muslim refutations provoked by an apology for Christianity written around 1200 by the Melkite Bishop of Sidon, Paul of Antioch. Both Paul's letter-treatise and al-Qarafi's reply incorporate substantial amounts of material and arguments from previous works that other Christian and Muslim writers had composed about the other faith. Seen from this viewpoint, the Ajwiba constitutes a moment in a protracted conversation that involved a ...
The Criterion for Distinguishing Legal Opinions from Judicial Rulings and the Administrative Acts of Judges and Rulers
The first and much-needed English translation of a thirteenth-century text that shaped the development of Islamic law in the late middle ages. Scholars of Islamic law can find few English language translations of foundational Islamic legal texts, particularly from the understudied Mamluk era. In this edition of the Tamyiz, Mohammad Fadel addresses this gap, finally making the great Muslim jurist Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi’s seminal work available to a wider audience. Al-Qarafi’s examination of the distinctions among judicial rulings, which were final and unassailable, legal opinions, which were advisory and not binding, and administrative actions, which were binding but amenable to subsequent revision, remained standard for centuries and are still actively debated today.
Islamic Law and the State
This book deals with an Ayyūbid-Mamlūk Egyptian jurist's attempt to come to terms with the potential conflict between power, represented in the state, and authority, represented in the schools of law, particularly where one school enjoys a privileged status with the state. It deals with the history of the relationship between the schools of law, particularly in Mamlūk Egypt, in the context of the running history of Islamic law from the formative period during which ijtihād was the dominant hegemony, into the post-formative period during which taqlīd came to dominate. It also deals with the internal structure and operation of the madhhab, as the sole repository of legal authority. Finally, the book includes a discussion of the limits of law and the legal process, the former imposing limits on the legal jurisdiction of the jurists and the schools, the latter imposing limits on the executive authority of the state.
Islamic Law and the State
A discussion of the constitutional jurisprudence of an important Egyptian jurist of the M lik school, Shih b al-D n al-Qar f .
Muslim-Christian Polemics across the Mediterranean
In Muslim-Christian Polemics across the Mediterranean Diego R. Sarrió Cucarella provides an exposition and analysis of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī’s (d. 684/1285) Splendid Replies to Insolent Questions (al-Ajwiba al-fākhira ‘an al-as’ila al-fājira). Written in response to an apology for Christianity by the Melkite Bishop of Sidon, Paul of Antioch, the Splendid Replies is among the most extensive and most important medieval Muslim refutations of Christianity, and the primary significance of this study is to provide detailed access to its argumentation and intellectual context for the first time in a western language. Moreover, the Introduction and Conclusion creatively situate the work within the challenges of modern-day Christian-Muslim dialogue.
Dictionary of African Biography
From the Pharaohs to Fanon, Dictionary of African Biography provides a comprehensive overview of the lives of the men and women who shaped Africa's history. Unprecedented in scale, DAB covers the whole continent from Tunisia to South Africa, from Sierra Leone to Somalia. It also encompasses the full scope of history from Queen Hatsheput of Egypt (1490-1468 BC) and Hannibal, the military commander and strategist of Carthage (243-183 BC), to Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana (1909-1972), Miriam Makeba and Nelson Mandela of South Africa (1918 -).
