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The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide is a thorough guide to the indigenous languages of this part of the world. With more than a third of the linguistic diversity of the world (in terms of language families and isolates), South American languages contribute new findings in most areas of linguistics. Though formerly one of the linguistically least known areas of the world, extensive descriptive and historical linguistic research in recent years has expanded knowledge greatly. These advances are represented in this volume in indepth treatments by the foremost scholars in the field, with chapters on the history of investigation, language classification, language endangerment, language contact, typology, phonology and phonetics, and on major language families and regions of South America.
This book presents a state-of-the-art cross-linguistic survey of applicative constructions in the functional-typological tradition. An introductory section sets the terminological and analytical stage, presents the methodology used by the different chapters, and provides a typological outlook. The individual contributions address the morphological, syntactic and semantic variation of applicatives, as well as their discourse-pragmatic function. They cover all major language families and some isolates that feature some illuminating version of the phenomenon, paying special attention to language-internal variation and unity. The phenomena surveyed range from those instances usually considered canonical (valency-increasing, syntactically and semantically predictable, productive, dedicated, and optional) to those occasionally understudied in descriptive works and frequently neglected in comparative studies (valency-neutral, rather unpredictable, lexicalized, syncretic, and/or obligatory).
This e-book is dedicated to the celebration of 20 years of the Brazilian Symposium on Cardiovascular Physiology. In 1996 groups from the School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP) and from the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) joined together to discuss cardiovascular physiology. In subsequent editions of the meeting, the participation of other groups from all over the country has grown and acquired the status of a national symposium. The participants now agree that the symposium should be itinerant and that the chair group is responsible for its organization. In 2016, we proudly reached the 20th edition of the Brazilian Symposium on Cardiovascular Physiology. It is certainly a memorable date and a great opportunity to share the accomplishments of Brazilian groups in the field of cardiovascular physiology.
The studies gathered together in this book were originally presented at two conferences sponsored by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), which were held at the VU University Amsterdam, in late August 2004. The first part Language Endangerment and Endangered Languages deals with issues related to language endangerment and the problems linguists and other researchers encounter when documenting these languages, both in general terms and with an eye on the Andean/Amazonian situation. The second part, Specific Studies: Languages and Cultures of the Andean-Amazonian Border Area, contains three sections. The first deals with topics that relate to the Maku peoples and languages of Brazil (Eastern Maku) and Colombia ( Western Maku ). The second section features papers that address anthropological and grammatical issues concerning the Nambikwara peoples and languages (Brazil). The third section discusses various other languages in the Andean/Amazonian border area.
This volume is the first comprehensive text and clinical reference on idiopathic myoclonic epilepsies of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The world’s foremost experts describe the phenotypes and subtypes of myoclonic epilepsies and the underlying molecular defects and summarize cutting-edge advances in molecular genetics that shed new light on the etiologies of these syndromes. The book offers clinicians much-needed assistance in recognizing and diagnosing idiopathic myoclonic epilepsies and selecting appropriate treatment. Each chapter includes diagnostic and treatment algorithms to guide practitioners in clinical decision making.
Linguistic typology identifies both how languages vary and what they all have in common. This Handbook provides a state-of-the art survey of the aims and methods of linguistic typology, and the conclusions we can draw from them. Part I covers phonological typology, morphological typology, sociolinguistic typology and the relationships between typology, historical linguistics and grammaticalization. It also addresses typological features of mixed languages, creole languages, sign languages and secret languages. Part II features contributions on the typology of morphological processes, noun categorization devices, negation, frustrative modality, logophoricity, switch reference and motion events. Finally, Part III focuses on typological profiles of the mainland South Asia area, Australia, Quechuan and Aymaran, Eskimo-Aleut, Iroquoian, the Kampa subgroup of Arawak, Omotic, Semitic, Dravidian, the Oceanic subgroup of Austronesian and the Awuyu-Ndumut family (in West Papua). Uniting the expertise of a stellar selection of scholars, this Handbook highlights linguistic typology as a major discipline within the field of linguistics.
This book provides ten case studies in Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG), a typologically-oriented theory of the organization of natural languages that has risen to prominence in recent years. The authors, all committed practitioners of FDG, include Kees Hengeveld, the intellectual father of the theory, who shows how it offers a radically new approach to constituent ordering. Other themes covered are evidentiality, modality, adpositions, verb morphology, possession, raising, sequence of tenses, semi-fixed constructions and prelinguistic conceptualization. The volume contains an introduction that explains the rudiments of FDG and summarizes the ten remaining chapters. The Casebook moves on from Hengeveld & Mackenzie’s (2008) Functional Discourse Grammar to show how the theory is applied to linguistic problems new and old. The languages treated are Blackfoot, Dutch, English, Spanish, Welsh, indigenous languages of Brazil, and many others.
Você sente que não produz tanto quanto deseja? Especialmente no contexto do trabalho? A boa notícia é saber que em meio a tudo isso existe uma saída. Neste livro Julie Ribeiro vai apresentar a você exercícios de autoajuda, criado por conta desse cenário. Você já imaginou-se em um ambiente em que você colabora e ainda se torna cada vez mais colaborativo, que lhe proporciona maior produtividade e felicidades? É possível conquistar uma liderança mais consciente e humanizada na qual todos os líderes e gestores devem se engajar. O mundo está mudando, sobretudo o corporativo. A simplicidade está em foco e corresponde a tudo o que não é excesso e desperdício, somente essência das coisas e pessoas sendo de maneira genuína e autêntica. - Identificar seu propósito - Liderar de maneira humanizada Aplique esse modelo e verá que será mais fácil. Além de técnica de gestão de negócios e pessoas, segredos que ajudarão a ser um líder de excelência, deixando um legado.
Uma breve introdução à ética animal apresenta os principais tópicos que estão em discussão quando se trata das implicações éticas de nossas decisões que afetam os animais não humanos, levantando novas questões e propondo uma nova abordagem aos problemas centrais dessa área. Tópicos clássicos, que são o pano de fundo para o entendimento da discussão presente em outras obras sobre o tema, são abordados de maneira detalhada em uma linguagem acessível. Temos obrigações para com os animais não humanos? Em caso afirmativo, deveríamos ter por eles o mesmo grau de consideração que deveríamos ter pelos humanos? O que é especismo? É análogo a outras formas de discriminaç...