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Cardiovascular Gap Junctions
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 307

Cardiovascular Gap Junctions

In recent years, gap junction research in the cardiovascular system has considerably improved the understanding of cardiac function and the vasculature in health and disease. The present book focuses on the communication of intercellular gap junctions in the cardiovascular system but also includes aspects of physiology, medicine and cell biology. The first part of this volume highlights the principal aspects of these intercellular channels, allowing the readers unfamiliar with the field to get a deeper understanding of the physiology, pharmacology and regulation of gap junctions. The second part elucidates their role in the pathophysiology of important cardiovascular diseases, e.g. arrhythmia, heart failure, ischemia, atrial fibrillation, diabetes and arteriosclerosis. This book is of special interest to cardiologists, physiologists, pharmacologists, cardiovascular scientists, biophysicists, cell biologists as well as to industrial companies engaged in cardiovascular medicine and research.

Heart Rate and Rhythm
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 676

Heart Rate and Rhythm

Pathological heart rhythms are a major health issue. In this book experts from various fields provide an important context for understanding the complicated molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie normal and pathophysiological cardiac rhythms. Individual chapters cover a full range of topics, including the ionic basis of pacemaking, the role of specific channels and transporters in sinoatrial node pacemaking, altered intracellular Ca2+ handling in response to disease, computer modeling of the action potentials of pacemaker and working cardiomyocytes, genetic and molecular basis of inherited arrhythmias and a review of established and novel antiarrhythmic agents. Due to the key importance of the specialized pacemaker cells and tissue (sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes) in maintaining heart rate and rhythm, special emphasis is placed on the peculiar electrophysiology of these cells.

Novel Therapeutic Targets for Antiarrhythmic Drugs
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 610

Novel Therapeutic Targets for Antiarrhythmic Drugs

PROFILES POTENTIAL TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS Cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular origin are responsible for the deaths of nearly half a million Americans each year while atrial fibrillation accounts for about 2.3 million cases per year, a rate that is projected to increase 2.5 fold over the next half century. Effectively managing these cardiac rhythm disorders remains a major challenge for both caregivers and the pharmaceutical industry. Filling a gap in the current literature, Novel Therapeutic Targets for Antiarrhythmic Drugs presents the latest treatments for cardiac arrhythmias alongside comprehensive presentations of basic cardiac physiology and pharmacology. Written b...

Remodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 143

Remodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias

The effective management of cardiac arrhythmias, either of atrial or of ventricular origin, remains a major challenge. Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains the leading cause of death in industrialized countries while atrial fibrillation is the most common rhythm disorder; an arrhythmia that’s prevalence is increasing and accounts for nearly one quarter of ischemic stokes the elderly population. Yet, despite the enormity of the problem, effective therapeutic interventions remain elusive. In fact, several initially promising antiarrhythmic agents were found to increase rather than decrease mortality in patients recovering from myocardial infarction. The question t...

Novel Perspectives For The Therapy And Prevention Of Heart Failure
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 231

Novel Perspectives For The Therapy And Prevention Of Heart Failure

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Cardiac Gap Junctions
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 155

Cardiac Gap Junctions

The most important communication mechanism between cardiac cells is electrical transmission via low resistance pathways, the so-called gap junction channels. These gap junctions play a vital role in the physiological activation pattern and in pathophysiological cardiac conditions. This book provides a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about cardiac gap junctions, a relatively young field of research. An introduction into the various aspects of activation propagation and coupling in the heart is followed by a detailed description of the structure and diversity of gap junctions, including amino acid sequences and species variability. Subsequent chapters discuss their distributi...

Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1515

Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology

An essential text, this is a fully updated second edition of a classic, now in two volumes. It provides rapid access to information on molecular pharmacology for research scientists, clinicians and advanced students. With the A-Z format of over 2,000 entries, around 350 authors provide a complete reference to the area of molecular pharmacology. The book combines the knowledge of classic pharmacology with the more recent approach of the precise analysis of the molecular mechanisms by which drugs exert their effects. Short keyword entries define common acronyms, terms and phrases. In addition, detailed essays provide in-depth information on drugs, cellular processes, molecular targets, techniques, molecular mechanisms, and general principles.

The Role of Calcium Handling in Heart Failure and Heart Failure Associated Arrhythmias
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 191

The Role of Calcium Handling in Heart Failure and Heart Failure Associated Arrhythmias

Under normal, healthy conditions, the contraction of cardiac myocytes, leading to the pump function of this organ, is driven by calcium-dependent mechanisms. Entry of calcium into the myocyte during the cardiac action potential causes activation of the ryanodine receptors and release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This process termed calcium-induced calcium release is essential for excitation-contraction coupling and enables each action potential to be transduced into a mechanical event. Indeed, in healthy myocytes, the calcium concentration in the cytosol of is elevated approximately 10-fold from a resting level of ∼100 nM to ∼1 μM. This process is finely orchestrated by a...

Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1286

Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2000-10-09
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology, 4E, provides the foundation for the scientific understanding of heart function and dysfunction, and bridges the gap between basic cardiovascular science and clinical cardiology. This comprehensive text covers all the important aspects of the heart and vascular system. The most important and relevant disorders are presented, with emphasis on the mechanisms involved. The first three editions of this book developed a reputation as the leading reference in cardiovascular science for researchers and academic cardiologists. This recent edition has been updated, expanded, and includes a number of new contributors. It has also been remodeled to expand its usage ...

Gap Junctions
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 412

Gap Junctions

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1998
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  • Publisher: IOS Press

This monograph contains research articles from the leading laboratories around the world on gap junctions, the intercellular channels that allow communication between neighbouring cells. It describes the latest results in gap junctions research, the structural and functional characterization of cell-cell channels, the assembly and degradation of gap junctions, the expression and function of gap junctions in different tissues, knockout studies of gap junction genes, the regulation of connexin gene expression, and the functions of gap junctions in development and cancer. Any laboratory interested in intercellular communications and gap junction research will find this monograph an indispensable source of information and reference.