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Not one but two civil rights movements flourished in mid-twentieth century Texas, and they did so in intimate conversation with one another. Far from the gaze of the national media, African American and Mexican American activists combated the twin caste systems of Jim Crow and Juan Crow. These insurgents worked chiefly within their own racial groups, yet they also looked to each other for guidance and, at times, came together in solidarity. The movements sought more than integration and access: they demanded power and justice. Civil Rights in Black and Brown draws on more than 500 oral history interviews newly collected across Texas, from the Panhandle to the Piney Woods and everywhere in between. The testimonies speak in detail to the structure of racism in small towns and huge metropolises—both the everyday grind of segregation and the haunting acts of racial violence that upheld Texas’s state-sanctioned systems of white supremacy. Through their memories of resistance and revolution, the activists reveal previously undocumented struggles for equity, as well as the links Black and Chicanx organizers forged in their efforts to achieve self-determination.
Inspired by a 1968 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights six-day hearing in San Antonio that introduced the Mexican American people to the rest of the nation, this book is an examination of the social change of Mexican Americans of Texas over the past half century. The San Antonio hearing included 1,502 pages of testimony, given by more than seventy witnesses, which became the baseline twenty experts used to launch their research on Mexican American civil rights issues during the following fifty years. These experts explored the changes in demographics and policies with regard to immigration, voting rights, education, employment, economic security, housing, health, and criminal justice. While ther...
In 1927, Beatrice Cannady succeeded in removing racist language from the Oregon Constitution. During World War II, Rowena Moore fought for the right of black women to work in Omaha’s meat packinghouses. In 1942, Thelma Paige used the courts to equalize the salaries of black and white schoolteachers across Texas. In 1950 Lucinda Todd of Topeka laid the groundwork for the landmark Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education. These actions—including sit-ins long before the Greensboro sit-ins of 1960—occurred well beyond the borders of the American South and East, regions most known as the home of the civil rights movement. By considering social justice efforts in western cities and...
Millions of students in the US and Mexico begin their educations in one country and find themselves trying to integrate into the school system of the other. As global migration increases, their numbers are expected to grow and more and more teachers will find these transnational students in their classrooms. The goal of The Students We Share is to prepare educators for this present and future reality. While the US has been developing English as a Second Language programs for decades, Mexican schools do not offer such programs in Spanish and neither the US nor Mexico has prepared its teachers to address the educational, social-psychological, or other personal needs of transnational students. ...
With contributions from social scientists, policy analysts, legal experts, community organisers, and journalists, this text provides a history and analysis of immigration enforcement in the United States.
The primary source writings in this anthology have been selected to provide your readers with a broad spectrum of viewpoints on gangs and gang violence. Readers will evaluate the causes of gang formation and gang violence, and whether the number of gangs and gang violence is increasing in the United States. An important question about the topic is presented in each chapter, and viewpoints are organized based on their response. Fact boxes summarize important information for researchers, and an extensive bibliography is included.
Describes the Dept. of Justice (DoJ) investigation concerning whether the political or ideological affiliations of applicants were improperly considered in the selection of candidates for the Attorney General¿s Honors Program and the Summer Law Intern Program (SLIP) from 2002 to 2006. The Honors Program is a highly competitive hiring program for entry-level attorneys in the DoJ, while the SLIP is a competitive paid summer internship program in the DoJ. Allegations regarding the politicization of the Honors Program and SLIP hiring process received widespread public attention in April 2007 due to a letter to Congress anonymously signed by ¿A Group of Concerned DoJ Employees.¿ Charts.