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Between 1688--when James II and VII was declared to have abdicated his throne--and 1784, James II and VII and his successors in exile (Bonnie Prince Charlie, etc.) retained the plenary authority to bestow nobiliary and chilvalric honors. In fact, the Stuarts conferred over two hundred hereditary titles and made hundreds of court appointments during this ninety-six-year period. The names and particulars of those receiving such titles are extraordinarily difficult to locate, since they do not appear in any of the standard books on the Peerage and Baronetage. For this reason, Genealogical Publishing Company is pleased to announce their reissue of Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval's acclaimed "The Jacobite Peerage," the only book ever to document these unofficial conferrals. This remarkable work, treating titles that are neither claimed nor used, and which died with the dynasty by which they were conferred, contains a previously untapped wealth of genealogical and historical material.
In The Scottish Enlightenment Abroad, Janet Starkey examines the lives and works of Scots working in the mid eighteenth century with the Levant Company in Aleppo, then within the Ottoman Empire; and those working with the East India Company in India, especially in the fields of natural history, medicine, ethnography and the collection of Arabic and Persian manuscripts. The focus is on brothers from Edinburgh: Alexander Russell MD FRS, Patrick Russell MD FRS, Claud Russell and William Russell FRS. By examining a wide range of modern interpretations, Starkey argues that the Scottish Enlightenment was not just a philosophical discourse but a multi-faceted cultural revolution that owed its vibrancy to ties of kinship, and to strong commercial and intellectual links with Europe and further abroad.
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We often hear that our world 'is more multilingual than ever before', but is it true? This book shatters that cliché. It is the first volume to shine light on the millennia-long history of multilingualism as a social, institutional and demographic phenomenon. Its fifteen chapters, written in clear, accessible language by prominent historians, classicists, and sociolinguists, span the period from the third century BC to the present day, and range from ancient Rome and Egypt to medieval London and Jerusalem, from Russian, Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires to modern Norway, Ukraine, and Spain. Going against the grain of traditional language histories, these thought-provoking case studies challenge stereotypical beliefs, foreground historic normativity of institutional multilingualism and language mixing, examine the transformation of polyglot societies into monolingual ones, and bring out the cognitive and affective dissonance in present-day orientations to multilingualism, where 'celebrations of linguistic diversity' coexist uneasily with creation of 'language police'.