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The Historiography of Contemporary Science and Technology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 278

The Historiography of Contemporary Science and Technology

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-01-11
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  • Publisher: Routledge

More than ninety percent of all scientific history has been made during the last half century. So far, however, only a fraction of historical scholarship has dealt with this period. Merely a decade ago, most scientific historians considered recent science - the scientific culture created, lived and remembered by contemporary scientists - an area of study best left to the historical actors themselves.

Plants, Patients, and the Historians
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 268

Plants, Patients, and the Historians

Table of contents

The Social Significance of Telematics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 247

The Social Significance of Telematics

The assumption underlying this book is that we are facing a societal transformation, a silent revolution in fact, with consequences at least as far reaching as those of the Industrial Revolution. The author of this book wants to intervene in the current discussion about this revolution, a discussion which is normally colored by a resigned determinism maintaining that the transformation will come about all by itself as an automatic consequence of the development of technology. As opposed to this, the author wants to politicize the debate by insisting on the fact that this silent revolution is not inextricably tied to the automatically whirring computer discs of technological development, but is dependent on a number of political choices.

Sergei Vinogradskii and the Cycle of Life
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 202

Sergei Vinogradskii and the Cycle of Life

This is one of those biographies that provide a window onto the broader understanding of science in its social and cultural context. Using Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii’s career and scientific research trajectory as a point of entry, this book illustrates the manner in which microbiologists, chemists, botanists, and plant physiologists inscribed the concept of a “cycle of life” into their investigations. Their research transformed a longstanding notion into the fundamental approaches and concepts that underlay the new ecological disciplines that emerged in the 1920s. The book presents a reconstruction of significant episodes of Vinogradskii’s laboratory practices and the role of theory in their development. It paints the broader picture of the history of ecology, microbiology and soil science and how these are uniquely united: through the concept of the cycle of life. ​

Professionals against Populism
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 173

Professionals against Populism

This book, based on Shimon Peres's private papers, tells the unusual story of the Peres government of 1984-1986 in Israel. It is the story of an unpopular politician, demonized by his political enemies, who operates under great time restraints to manage a pluralistic democracy losing ground to enchanted masses in public squares. Lacking support from his own national unity government, Peres reverted to his old-time alliance with Israel's technocrats in his combat against populism. Michael Keren analyzes the role of legal professionals, strategic experts, and economists in the three main events of the Peres era: the scandal over the killing of two Arab terrorists by the General Security Servic...

Arming Mother Nature
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 309

Arming Mother Nature

Hamblin argues that military planning for World War III essentially created "catastrophic environmentalism": the idea that human activity might cause global natural disasters. This awareness, Hamblin shows, emerged out of dark ambitions, as governments poured funds into environmental science after World War II.

Are Science and Mathematics Socially Constructed?
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 336

Are Science and Mathematics Socially Constructed?

This book is a history, analysis, and criticism of what the author calls ?postmodern interpretations of science? (PIS) and the closely related ?sociology of scientific knowledge? (SSK). This movement traces its origin to Thomas Kuhn's revolutionary work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), but is more extreme. It believes that science is a ?social construction?, having little to do with nature, and is determined by contextual forces such as the race, class, gender of the scientist, laboratory politics, or the needs of the military industrial complex.Since the 1970s, PIS has become fashionable in the humanities, social sciences, and ethnic or women's studies, as well as in the new...

Science Writing in Greco-Roman Antiquity
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 211

Science Writing in Greco-Roman Antiquity

This book explores how science and mathematics were communicated in antiquity in a wide variety of texts, including poetry, letters and biographies.

Geography, Technology and Instruments of Exploration
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 282

Geography, Technology and Instruments of Exploration

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-04-22
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  • Publisher: Routledge

Focusing on aspects of the functioning of technology, and by looking at instruments and at instrumental performance, this book addresses the epistemological questions arising from examining the technological bases to geographical exploration and knowledge claims. Questions of geography and exploration and technology are addressed in historical and contemporary context and in different geographical locations and intellectual cultures. The collection brings together scholars in the history of geographical exploration, historians of science, historians of technology and, importantly, experts with curatorial responsibilities for, and museological expertise in, major instrument collections. Ranging in their focus from studies of astronomical practice to seismography, meteorological instruments and rockets, from radar to the hand-held barometer, the chapters of this book examine the ways in which instruments and questions of technology - too often overlooked hitherto - offer insight into the connections between geography and exploration.

Entomology, Ecology and Agriculture
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 207

Entomology, Ecology and Agriculture

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-05-13
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  • Publisher: Routledge

This study is facilitated by following economic entomologists' and ecologists' changing ideas about different pest control strategies, chiefly 'chemical', 'biological', and 'integrated' control. The author then follows the efforts of one specific group of entomologists, at the University of California, over three generations from their advocacy of 'biological' controls in the 1930s and 40s, through their shifting attention to the development of an 'integrated pest management' in the context of 'big biology' during the 1970s.