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Trait-Mediated Indirect Interactions
There is increasing evidence that the structure and functioning of ecological communities and ecosystems are strongly influenced by flexible traits of individuals within species. A deep understanding of how trait flexibility alters direct and indirect species interactions is crucial for addressing key issues in basic and applied ecology. This book provides an integrated perspective on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of interactions mediated by flexible species traits across a wide range of systems. It is the first volume synthesizing the rapidly expanding research field of trait-mediated indirect effects and highlights how the conceptual framework of these effects can aid the understanding of evolutionary processes, population dynamics, community structure and stability, and ecosystem function. It not only brings out the importance of this emerging field for basic ecological questions, but also explores the implications of trait-mediated interactions for the conservation of biodiversity and the response of ecosystems to anthropogenic environmental changes.
Statement of Disbursements of the House
Covers receipts and expenditures of appropriations and other funds.
الانتواع الخادع
ادَّعى قسم الأسئلة المتكررة في أحد أشهر المواقع التطورية (موقع Talkorigins) أنه استعرض عدة حالات رُصد فيها ظهور أنواع جديدة، ولعدة سنوات ظل مناصري الداروينية يروجون لتلك الحالات التي يظنوها أدلة على أنَّ التطور الدارويني قادرٌ على إحداث تغير بيولوجي ذي قيمة. ولكن عند إجراء تحليل دقيق للمنشورات التقنية التي تخص العديد من الأمثلة المناقشة، نكتشف أنَّ تلك الادِّعاءات غير صحيحة على الإطلاق. إلى أولئك الذين يعتقدون أنَّ موقع Talkorigins قد قدَّم دليلا يثبت حدوث تغير ذي قيمة لإثبات قدرة التطور على إنشاء أنواع جديدة (أي: العزلة الإنجابية كاملة) نقدم خالص الاعتذار؛ قد خدعتم لسنوات.
Congressional Record
The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)
Ecology
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