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The pathogenic microbiome is the community of microorganisms that live in humans or animals and cause disease. These microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, etc. They usually live in the host's skin, mouth, intestinal tract, genitourinary tract, etc. Normally, there is a state of equilibrium between the host and these microorganisms, but when this equilibrium is disturbed, these microorganisms become the pathogenic microbiome and cause disease. To advance the field of microbiome research, artificial intelligence methods, especially machine learning and deep learning, have recently been used as important tools due to their powerful predictive and informative potential. Clas...
Some of the topics covered in this book are: HIV infection HIV transmission Clinical symptoms of AIDS AIDS and opportunistic infection Prevention and treatment of HV Treatment of HIV infection and immune reconstitution
Since the first edition of this highly-acclaimed book appeared in 1989, a considerable amount of new information has been published on the diverse effects that fluoride can produce in biological systems. The remarkable decline in dental caries that is now occurring throughout the world can be largely attributed to the use of ingested and topical forms of fluoride. Indeed, fluoride is now widely regarded as the cornerstone of modern preventive dentistry. In addition to its prophylactic qualities, fluoride is currently being investigated for its benefits in the treatment of osteoporosis, ischemia, and other major diseases; in larger doses, however, fluoride is known to cause fluorosis, and in excessive amounts can even lead to death. This newly revised edition includes data from the most recent studies in these areas and provides an up-to-date, critical discussion of fluoride metabolism and toxicity as well as environmental and physiological variables that can affect these processes. It will be of particular interest to dental students and residents, dental educators and researchers, toxicologists, pharmacologists and physiologists.
Comprehensive issue on adolescent oral health which covers dental needs assessment and access to care; psychosocial behavior patterns; prevention strategies for dental caries; prevention strategies for periodontal diseases and soft tissue lesions; developmental occlusion, orthodontic interventions, and orthognathic surgery; restorative, esthetic and replacement dentistry; dental trauma dental management for adolescent athletes; and common medications for adolescent dental patients.
This book reviews the application of Nanobiotechnology in the development of Nanomedicine, while also discussing the latest trends and challenges in the clinical translation of Nanomedicine. Nanomedicine refers to the application of Nanotechnology to medicine and holds tremendous potential for achieving improved efficiency, bioavailability, dose response, personalized medicine and enhanced safety as compared to conventional medicines. The book first introduces readers to the basic concepts of Nanomedicine, and to technological advances in and applications of Nanotechnology in treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and drug delivery. In turn, it reviews the current status of multi-functionalization strategies for using Nanoparticles in the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. The book’s third and final section focuses on the regulatory and safety challenges posed by Nanomedicine, including industry and regulatory agencies’ efforts to address them.
The nature of the circadian clocks is described at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and system levels of organization in diverse organisms. The central role of the circadian clock in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle as well as seasonal rhythms and other cyclical processes is also discussed. The importance of the circadian clock system for human health, safety, performance, and productivity is also reviewed in this volume."--BOOK JACKET.