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The Development of Scientific Marketing in the Twentieth Century
The global pharmaceutical industry is currently estimated to be worth $1 trillion. Contributors chart the rise of scientific marketing within the industry from 1920-1980. This is the first comprehensive study into pharmaceutical marketing, demonstrating that many new techniques were actually developed in Europe before being exported to America.
Setting Nutritional Standards
Suzanne Junod's essay "Proscribing Deception": The Gould Net Weight Amendment and the Origins of Mandatory Nutrition Labeling" is the winner of the 2017 Charles Thomson Prize of the Society for the History of the Federal Government. In the second half of the nineteenth century, ways of thinking about food changed as chemists and physiologists identified nutrients and bodily needs and as urbanization, industrialization, and colonial encounters challenged traditional dietary customs and assumptions. Emerging as a reaction to concerns about industrial and military power, social welfare, and public health, the science of nutrition sought to define the norms and needs of variable human bodies, se...
Kontinuitäten und Diskontinuitäten in der Wissenschaftsgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts
Der erste Band der Publikationsreihe zur Wissenschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft in Deutschland im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert enthalt die Ergebnisse einer Tagung, die sich mit Kontinuitatslinien und Bruchen im Verhaltnis zwischen Wissenschaften und politischen Systemen beschaftigte. Einerseits bewegen sich die Beitrage entlang von Fragen nach Genese, Struktur und Funktion von Wissenschaft in der Gesellschaft. Sie verfolgen andererseits die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Wissenschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft unter dem Aspekt der Kontinuitat der Verhaltnisse uber politische und personelle Veranderungen hinaus, bzw. Diskontinuitat trotz unveranderter Rahmenbedingungen. Die Studien zeigen, daa trotz all...
The Politics of Self-determination
This text addresses the pitfalls of border drawing in post-WWI Europe, arguing that at international and local levels, the 'temptation of violence' made national self-determination problematic, as local elites, administrations and paramilitary leaders used ethnic notions of identity to mobilise popular support under a guise of international legitimacy.
The Rise of Obesity in Europe
Twentieth century Europe went through a dramatic transition from low income populations experiencing hunger and nutritionally inadequate diets, to the recent era of over-consumption and growing numbers of overweight and obese people. By examining the trends in food history from case studies across Europe, this book offers a historical context to explain how and why this transition has occurred and what we can learn in order to try and address the vitally important issues arising from obesity in contemporary Europe.
History of Artificial Cold, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Issues
The history of artificial cold has been a rather intriguing interdisciplinary subject (physics, chemistry, technology, sociology, economics, anthropology, consumer studies) which despite some excellent monographs and research papers, has not been systematically exploited. It is a subject with all kinds of scientific, technological as well as cultural dimensions. For example, the common home refrigerator has brought about unimaginably deep changes to our everyday lives changing drastically eating habits and shopping mentalities. From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st, issues related to the production and exploitation of artificial cold have never stopped to provide us w...
Feeding France
Feeding France shows how chemists navigated the French Revolution to become the first public food experts in an industrialising world.
Food and War in Twentieth Century Europe
Wars cannot be fought and sustained without food and this unique collection explores the impact of war on food production, allocation and consumption in Europe in the twentieth century. A comparative perspective which incorporates belligerent, occupied and neutral countries provides new insights into the relationship between food and war. The analysis ranges from military provisioning and systems of food rationing to civilians' survival strategies and the role of war in stimulating innovation and modernization.
Gendered Drugs and Medicine
Drugs are considered to be healers and harmers, wonder substances and knowledge makers; objects that impact on social hierarchies, health practices and public policies. This book focuses on the ways that gender, race/ethnicity and class, influence the design, standardisation and circulation of drugs throughout several highly medicalised countries. Seventeen authors from eight different countries, both European and non-European, analyse the extent to which the dominant ideas and values surrounding masculinity and femininity shape the research, prescription and use of drugs by women and/or men within particular social and cultural contexts.
Observing Agriculture in Early Twentieth-Century Italy
Agricultural Economists in Early Twentieth-Century Italy describes how Italian agricultural economists collected information about the economy of Italy, between the Giolittian and the Fascist era. The book carefully describes three main forms of economic observation: enquiries, statistics, and farm surveys. For each of these forms of observation, the main participants to the investigation are discussed with their respective agendas, alongside the purposes of the investigation, and its practical constraints. This work introduces the concept of "stakeholder statistics", and stresses the two-way relation between the observer and the observed in the co-production of observational knowledge. Prac...
