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This book presents, in 26 chapters, the status quo in epigenomic profiling. It discusses how functional information can be indirectly inferred and describes the new approaches that promise functional answers, collectively referred to as epigenome editing. It highlights the latest important advances in our understanding of the functions of plant epigenomics and new technologies for the study of epigenomic marks and mechanisms in plants. Topics include the deposition or removal of chromatin modifications and histone variants, the role of epigenetics in development and response to environmental signals, natural variation and ecology, as well as applications for epigenetics in crop improvement. Discussing areas ranging from the complex regulation of stress and heterosis to the precise mechanisms of DNA and histone modifications, it presents breakthroughs in our understanding of complex phenotypic phenomena.
RNAs form complexes with proteins and other RNAs. The RNA‐infrastructure represents the spatiotemporal interaction of these proteins and RNAs in a cell‐wide network. RNA Infrastructure and Networks brings together these ideas to illustrate the scope of RNA‐based biology, and how connecting RNA mechanisms is a powerful tool to investigate regulatory pathways. This book is but a taste of the wide range of RNA‐based mechanisms that connect in the RNA infrastructure.
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are pathogens common in global agricultural systems. There is at least one species of PPN for all major food crops and yield losses caused by nematodes threaten global food security. Management of PPN is challenging and varies greatly between different countries, crops, and nematodes. However, a recurring theme for management is improving understanding of the nematode-host interaction. Exploiting this information could help create better PPN control methods, lessening losses associated with PPN by providing more economical and sustainable solutions. Interpreting mechanisms fundamental to host-parasite interactions is a rapidly evolving area. This research offers novel insights about PPN biology and potential routes for exploiting this data for the development of improved PPN control. Nematode effector proteins are core components of parasitism and disease development. Resistant plants can suppress PPN through a variety of different mechanisms upon recognition of effectors. Understanding targets of these proteins and modifying them using gene editing techniques could assist host resistance.
Since the late 1800s, the discovery of new viruses was a gradual process. Viruses were described one by one using a suite of techniques such as (electron) microscopy and viral culture. Investigators were usually interested in a disease state within an organism, and expeditions in viral ecology were rare. The advent of metagenomics using high-throughput sequencing has revolutionized not only the rate of virus discovery, but also the nature of the discoveries. For example, the viral ecology and etiology of many human diseases are being characterized, non-pathogenic viral commensals are ubiquitous, and the description of environmental viromes is making progress. This Frontiers in Virology Research Topic showcases how metagenomic and bioinformatic approaches have been combined to discover, classify and characterize novel viruses.
Immunopathology, Volume 107 in the Advances in Virus Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Viral Immunopathology will cover how the immune system, innate or adaptive, is often at the root of viral pathogenesis. This is true in diverse host systems including vertebrates, plants and insects. This volume will present the latest findings in this interesting and important area of research, and will include human, plant, fish, and insect viruses. Different kingdoms have evolved very diverse immune responses to virus infection but the common theme – namely, that effects of viruses on host immune systems can condition the induction of viral disease – will unify this concept across kingdoms. - The immune system is often responsible for virus pathology - Plants, animals and insects all mount immune responses to virus infection that can increase pathology - Both innate and adaptive immune responses can result in immunopathology
Encyclopedia of Virology, Fourth Edition, Five Volume Set builds on the solid foundation laid by the previous editions, expanding its reach with new and timely topics. In five volumes, the work provides comprehensive coverage of the whole virosphere, making this a unique resource. Content explores viruses present in the environment and the pathogenic viruses of humans, animals, plants and microorganisms. Key areas and concepts concerning virus classification, structure, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention are discussed, guiding the reader through chapters that are presented at an accessible level, and include further readings for those needing more specific inform...
Advances in Virus Research, Volume 113 in this ongoing serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Sections cover RNA modifications in viruses and virus infected cells, RNA silencing suppression, Animal models of alphavirus infection, and Enterovirus entry and spread. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in Advances in Virus Research serials - Includes sections that cover topics such as RNA modifications in viruses and virus infected cells and RNA silencing suppression