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Cardiac Muscle: The Regulation of Excitation and Contraction is a 12-chapter text that covers the research studies on characterizing the ionic and molecular mechanisms that regulate excitation and contraction of cardiac muscle. This book describes first the ionic currents underlying diastolic depolarization and pacing of the heart. The discussions then shift to the mechanisms of action of calcium-channel antagonists; the regulation of calcium influx by indigenous factors, such as voltage- or calcium-mediated inactivation; the identification of fixed negative charges on the surface of the sarcolemma; and the regulation of gating and permeability of ion channels by these charges. These topics ...
For the clinician the sinus node is more or less a hidden structure and only by indirect assessment he is able to say something about the function of this center of pacemaker activity. The morphologist, however, is able to describe the structural microscopic and even electronmicroscopic features of this structure. The only disadvantage is that, as soon as he is coming into the picture, the tissue is dead. The physiologist tries to investigate the electrophysiological behavior of the sinus node. Since there is not a human being willing to give his sinus node for research, he has to do his investigation on isolated preparations of animals. Though there are a lot of experts in the field of the sinus node they nearly never speak the same 'language'. Therefore, it was my dream to bring all those people - or at least some of them -together on a workshop. I had the feeling that it was important to organize such a meeting without an audience but only with 'experts'.
The first edition of this book was quite successful. As in the first edition, the book is divided into two major sections: cardiac muscle and coronary circula Several complimentary book reviews appeared soon tion. The book is multidisciplinary and includes after the first edition was published, and written and membrane biophysics, electrophysiology, physiol oral words of praise and appreciation were given both ogy, pathophysiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, to the publisher and to me by quite a few individuals. and ultrastructure. Thus, the book attempts ro It is because of such positive comments and reactions that the publisher and I decided to embark on a integrate all relevant aspects o...
Since Paul Cranefield published his monograph, The Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse, in 1975, much has been learned about the role of the slow inward current in cardiac electrophysiology. Because of this expanse in know ledge, both basic and clinical, it appeared reasonable to review in a mono graph once again what was known. When Martinus Nijhoff first approached us to undertake the task of updating this information, we were initially reluctant for several reasons. First, we did not feel that the subject could be adequately and thoroughly reviewed, from the cell to the bedside, by a single person. Second, time constraints on all of us precluded even attempting such a task. However, we were encouraged by several of our friends (' egged on' one might even say, since they wished the job done but did not want to do it themselves!) who promised faithfully to contribute chapters on time if we accepted the task. So we did, and most of them did also.
Understanding the molecular processes by which ionic channels are regulated is central to the understanding of cellular function. Great advances in understanding these regulatory mechanisms have been recently achieved by the combination of several powerful techniques. Development of the patch clamp technique, ability to access the intracellular channels sites, and genetic manipulation of channel structure have allowed studies of channel function in native membranes. Cloning, sequencing and determining the channel structure and its subunits allows further insight into the regulatory mechanisms of channel function. In planning this symposium, we organized the scientific discussions around spec...
The purpose of the present volume is to give a comprehensive and up-to-date 2 survey of the nature and role of calcium ions (Ca +) in the regulation of cel 2 lular function. Since Ca + has gained in interest over the past years as a cel lular messenger in signal transduction, and since the discovery of its cellular receptor protein, calmodulin, has helped in understanding its mode of action in molecular terms, we felt that an interdisciplinary selection of topics from the calcium field could provide a good source of information for all those in terested in calcium-mediated physiology. The volume begins with an overview on the synarchic nature of the two 2 cellular messengers, cyclic AMP and Ca +. The next three chapters deal with 2 the various transport mechanisms for Ca +. The biochemistry and molecular biology of calmodulin, as well as the cellular localization of calmodulin and calmodulin-binding proteins, are reviewed. Calcium regulation of smooth muscle contraction introduces the pharmacology of calcium antagonists.
Nearly two hundred years ago Crawford and Cruickshank, surgeons and chemists in the Royal Artillery, reported the occurrence of a "new earth" in the mines at the Scottish village of Strontian. Humphrey Davy, following the advice of Berzelius, isolated stable strontium in 1808 along with other alkali earth metals. It was not until 1883 that physiological effects of stable strontium were first recognized by none other than Sidney Ringer in his experiments on frog heart. The medicinal use of strontium salts was first described in Squire's Companion in 1894. Subsequently, strontium was introduced into the Pharma copeias of Great Britain, United States, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and Mexico a...
After more than a decade of successful application of cardiac pace makers in the therapy of cardiac rhythm disorders, technological and clinical experience has reached a level, at which a technical survey of this field should be of general interest and might promote the further improvement of pace maker therapy. The papers contained in this book were presented at the International Symposium on Advances in Pacemaker Technology, held at Erlangen on Sep tember 26 and 27,1974 under the auspices of the Societas Physica Medica Erlangensis. One of the traditional aims of the Societas has been the advance ment of diagnosis and therapy by the adaptation of medical skill to modern technology and scien...
Modern applications of electrophysiologica techniques; Expression of ion channels; Expression of ion channels in Xenopus oocytes; Expression of ion channels using other systems; Reconstruction of ion channels in lipid bilayers; Recording of ion channels of cellular organelles and miroorganisms; Data storage and analysis.
The current volume provides detailed experimental protocols used to study plasma membrane ion channels as pharmacological targets. Coverage includes molecular and biochemical characterization of ion channels; fuctional analysis of ion channels after reconstitution, expression, or in cells; and specific methods and tools. This wealth of information will benefit academic and industrial researchers and graduate students in pharmacology, biochemistry, physiology, and biophysics.