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This book is the fourth volume in the definitive series, The History of the Study of Landforms or The Development of Geomorphology. Volume 1 (1964) dealt with contributions to the field up to 1890. Volume 2 (1973) dealt with the concepts and contributions of William Morris Davis. Volume 3 (1991) covered historical and regional themes during the 'classic' period of geomorphology, between 1980 and 1950. This volume concentrates on studies of geomorphological processes and Quaternary geomorphology, carrying on these themes into the second part of the twentieth century, since when process-based studies have become so dominant. It is divided into five sections. After chapters dealing with geologi...
Did industry and commerce affect the concepts, values and epistemic foundations of different sciences? If so, how and to what extent? This book suggests that the most significant influence of industry on science in the two case studies treated here had to do with the issue of realism. Using wave propagation as the common thread, this is the first book to simultaneously analyse the emergence of realist attitudes towards the entities of the ionosphere and of the earth's crust. However, what led physicists and engineers to adopt realist attitudes? This book suggests that a new kind of realism --a realism of social and cultural origins- is the answer: a preliminary, entity realism responding to specific commercial and engineering interests, and a realism that was neither strictly instrumental nor exclusively operational. The book has two parts: while Part I focuses on the study of the ionosphere and how the British radio industry affected ionospheric physics, Part II focuses on the study of the Earth's crust and how the American oil industry affected crustal seismology.
Discusses the variety of shapes and features that make up the surface of the Earth and the forces and processes that create them.
Time Matters provides an invaluable insight into thebackground behind some of the key concepts we use in Earth sciencetoday. It shows the historical context in which these ideas weredeveloped, the important contributions of individual scientists andthinkers, and how these ideas continue to shape our view of scienceand the world in which we live. The book covers subjects such as the age of the earth,catastrophism vs uniformitarianism, evolution vs creationism,plutonism vs neptunism, continental drift and plate tectonics. Itexplores the people involved, their ideas and the scientific andreligious power politics involved in the development. It iseffectively partly a review of the way in which s...
Astronomy and Astrophysics is a comprehensive, fundamental, and up-to-date reference book. It is filled with vital information and basic facts for amateur astronomers and professional astrophysicists, and for anyone interested in the Universe, from the Earth and other planets to the stars, galaxies and beyond. An exceptionally thorough Index cross-references concepts, discoveries and individuals in both the Timeline section and Dictionary section. The combined result is a unique stand-alone reference volume in which the reader can quickly locate information, while also discovering new and unexpected knowledge.