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This book covers the various aspects of the development of an integrated product and process modelling system using advanced computer technologies. It describes languages and methodologies for developing an information reference model, system architectures, a link with emerging new standards such as ISO/STEP and CIM/OSA, and a new approach for the definition of model semantics. It discusses practical aspects of the usage and integration of computer aided design, planning and production systems, and shows how the reference model can be applied. Concrete practical examples are given for two demonstration parts: a sheet metal part and a ship propeller blade. Much attention has been devoted to making the subject matter easy to understand for a wide audience. The reference model is presented in easy-to-grasp chunks in a graphical, informal way, and many figures support the text. The reader should gain a clear impression of the various technical aspects of CIM systems using modern techniques corresponding to emerging new standards. Aspects of future systems are also included.
Future generations of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems are expected to offer powerful support for the functional, geometrical and technological description of products. New intelligent system architectures covering feature modelling, knowledge processing and simulation techniques, as well as comprehensive information access capabilities will open novel possibilities for product modelling. The result will be a real opportunity for direct cooperation between human creativity/discernment and information processing systems, working together to draft and analyze technical products. In this book, leading researchers and system developers present, discuss and summarize research and development of new theories, as well as advanced applications of geometric modelling.
With increasing demand for data exchange in computer integrated manufacturing, a neutral connection between dissimilar systems is needed. After a few national and European attempts, a worldwide standardization of product data has been developed. Standard ISO 10303 (STEP - STandard forExchange of Product data) produced in its first version those parts that arerelevant for CAD geometrical data. A European consortium of 14 CAD vendors and users was supported by the ESPRIT programme to influence the emerging standard and implement early applications for it. Over the years 1989-1992, project CADEX (CAD geometry data EXchange) worked out application protocols as a contribution to STEP; developed a software toolkit that reads, writes, and manipulates STEP data; and, based on this toolkit, implemented data exchange processors for ten different CAD and FEA systems. This book reports the work done in project CADEX and describes all its results in detail.
In recent years, building information modeling has become a very active research area of construction informatics with investigation of ICT use within construction industry processes and organizations. The Handbook of Research on Building Information Modeling and Construction Informatics: Concepts and Technologies addresses the problems related to information integration and interoperability throughout the lifecycle of a building, from feasibility and conceptual design through to demolition and recycling stages. Containing research from leading international experts, this Handbook of Research provides comprehensive coverage and definitions of the most important issues, concepts, trends, and technologies within the field.
The building performance evaluation (BPE) framework emphasizes an evaluative stance throughout the six phases of the building delivery and life cycle: (1) strategic planning/needs analysis; (2) program review; (3) design review; (4) post-construction evaluation/review; (5) post-occupancy evaluation; and, (6) facilities management review/adaptive reuse. The lessons learned from positive and negative building performance are fed into future building delivery cycles. The case studies illustrate how this basic methodology has been adapted to a range of cultural contexts, and indicates the positive results of building performance assessment in a wide range of situations.
Effective building performance simulation can reduce the environmental impact of the built environment, improve indoor quality and productivity, and facilitate future innovation and technological progress in construction. It draws on many disciplines, including physics, mathematics, material science, biophysics and human behavioural, environmental and computational sciences. The discipline itself is continuously evolving and maturing, and improvements in model robustness and fidelity are constantly being made. This has sparked a new agenda focusing on the effectiveness of simulation in building life-cycle processes. Building Performance Simulation for Design and Operation begins with an intr...
This Open Access book introduces readers to many new techniques for enhancing and optimizing reliability in embedded systems, which have emerged particularly within the last five years. This book introduces the most prominent reliability concerns from today’s points of view and roughly recapitulates the progress in the community so far. Unlike other books that focus on a single abstraction level such circuit level or system level alone, the focus of this book is to deal with the different reliability challenges across different levels starting from the physical level all the way to the system level (cross-layer approaches). The book aims at demonstrating how new hardware/software co-design...