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This book is a compilation of articles by experts on the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, many of which are full of data-based evidence from basic research perspectives or patient data.
In this book, leading experts from around the world present the latest knowledge on the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and also examine the prevalence, etiology, and treatment strategy. Reports have suggested that a variety of risk factors, including poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, lack of keratinized mucosa, and implant surface topography, are associated with these diseases. Periodontally compromised patients who do not adhere completely to the supportive periodontal therapy have been found to present a higher implant failure rate, and several studies have shown that periodontal pathogens can translocate from periodontally involved teeth to the peri-implant sulci in partially dentate patients, highlighting the importance of periodontal treatment of the residual dentition prior to placement of dental implants. Recently a new concept was proposed as intraindividual variation exists in core microbiota in peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In elucidating the strength of association of peri-implant diseases with all of the risk factors identified to date, the book will be of interest to practitioners and other professionals in the field.
Substantial progress has been made in defining genes and proteins involved in development, maintenance and regeneration of teeth and bones. This knowledge has improved strategies for diagnosing and treating mineralized tissue diseases. Existing data provide credence for these genes/proteins having roles beyond those attributed to mineralized tissues. For example, they may affect systemic metabolic activity and glucose tolerance. One example is fibroblast growth factor 23 (Fgf23), a hormone secreted by osteocytes, suppressing phosphate reabsorption into the blood stream and vitamin D synthesis in the kidney. Many other bone associated proteins, perhaps acting as endocrine factors, are reported to act at distant sites to alter metabolic activity. However, there remains substantial uncertainty as to whether bone itself functioning as an endocrine organ and/or factors secreted by bone could modulate metabolic activity. Such information should be of value toward informing clinical strategies to treat mineralized tissue and metabolic disorders.
This text is a compilation of presentations by world-wide experts that were given during the Sixth International Conference on the Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues, which was held in Vittel, France in November 1998. These proceedings represent advances in this specialized area and should be useful for both clinicians and researchers in bone biology and chemistry.
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