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This book provides a comprehensive, in-depth overview of elementary mathematics as explored in Mathematical Olympiads around the world. It expands on topics usually encountered in high school and could even be used as preparation for a first-semester undergraduate course. This first volume covers Real Numbers, Functions, Real Analysis, Systems of Equations, Limits and Derivatives, and much more. As part of a collection, the book differs from other publications in this field by not being a mere selection of questions or a set of tips and tricks that applies to specific problems. It starts from the most basic theoretical principles, without being either too general or too axiomatic. Examples and problems are discussed only if they are helpful as applications of the theory. Propositions are proved in detail and subsequently applied to Olympic problems or to other problems at the Olympic level. The book also explores some of the hardest problems presented at National and International Mathematics Olympiads, as well as many essential theorems related to the content. An extensive Appendix offering hints on or full solutions for all difficult problems rounds out the book.
This book provides the first comprehensive overview of saline and alkaline soils in Latin America, known for having one of the most extensive surface of salt-affected soils in the world. It is organized along two main axes: soils and vegetation. The book discusses the occurrence of such soils in the region, focusing mainly in management strategies for their sustainable use, and it presents accounts of natural vegetation and crops in the various environments of the region. Social impacts of such conditions and ongoing projects to overcome them are considered. Likewise, the book highlights physiological mechanisms that are responsible for the negative effects these soils exert on crops and forest resources and determine vegetation distribution in them. Plant breeding challenges and new perspectives for such environments are discussed. Technologies such as irrigation and drainage are included. The readership includes soil and plant scientists, as well as policy makers.
In the latter half of the twentieth century, millions of impoverished people all over Latin America participated in illegal seizures of urban land. As many cities became saturated with squatter settlements by the 1980s, it was expected that such invasions would wane. But the increased economic vulnerability and expansion of informal labor activity brought about by neoliberal government policies spurred yet more invasions. Their goals remained the same: reliable electricity, potable water, sewer drainage, and legal title to illegally acquired land. But changes in the economic and political context required different means for achieving these goals. Social safety nets were weakened, organized labor lost power, and some urban service monopolies were privatized&—and the introduction of democratic municipal elections offered new avenues to secure these much-needed services. In this careful study of ten neighborhoods in Quito, Ecuador, and Lima, Peru, Paul Dosh examines these new patterns to cast light on the reasons why some neighborhood groups succeed and survive while others do not.
A obra DIREITO ANIMAL (VOLUME 2) - OS SERES SENCIENTES EM JUÍZO. ASPECTOS PROCESSUAIS E PROCEDIMENTAIS reuniu professores, pesquisadores e operadores do Direito para enfrentar árduas questões sobre os animais não humanos, analisando delicados temas relacionados com a tutela jurisdicional dos direitos zoocêntricos ou pós-humanistas dos seres sencientes enquanto condição sine qua non à construção de uma sociedade mais justa, solidária e fraterna. Para cumprir esse mister, o livro apresentou as seguintes temáticas: aspectos sobre a capacidade processual dos animais no Brasil; o Direito Animal e as principais áreas de atuação; as ações do Ministério Público para prevenir atro...
The Proceedings of the ICM publishes the talks, by invited speakers, at the conference organized by the International Mathematical Union every 4 years. It covers several areas of Mathematics and it includes the Fields Medal and Nevanlinna, Gauss and Leelavati Prizes and the Chern Medal laudatios.
Livro de Receitas do programa Larica Total Quem não tem uma receita de larica total? Aquela receita do desespero, da madrugada chovendo; aquela receita do sábado à tarde, pós-prancha; da segunda às seis da manhã, pré-atrasada; aquela combinação estranha, aquele prazer secreto, quem não tem? Todo mundo tem. Quem não erra, não queima. Quem não chora, não ama. Errou, repete. Acertou, mostra. Tem confiança, convida. Quer melhorar, treina. Não tem, improvisa. Tem, aproveita. Este é o livro das receitas improváveis, das histórias incríveis, das frases de triplo sentido e dos resultados possíveis. Porque, independentemente da expectativa, do padrão e da crítica, nós defendemos as receitas da única cozinha que conhecemos: a cozinha da verdade, a cozinha da guerrilha.
O I Encontro Internacional de Pesquisa em Ciências Humanas teve como objetivo principal proporcionar um espaço de debate e intercâmbio de conhecimento gerado por pesquisas voltadas a interdisciplinaridade nas áreas de Ciências Humanas e Sociais. O evento parte do princípio da ausência de discussões e espaço de contato que permitam a troca produtiva de conhecimento entre profissionais da ciências humanas. Entendemos como propósito do evento agregar, incluir toda e qualquer forma de contribuição científica e acadêmica no âmbito das ciências humanas, mais precisamente no campo interdisciplinar, pretendendo ampliar a análise de cada elemento individual e buscar o parecer especifico de sua especialidade.
Ethnozoology: Animals In Our Lives represents the first book about this discipline, providing a discussion on key themes on human-animal interactions and their implications, along with recent major advances in research. Humans share the world with a bewildering variety of other animals, and have interacted with them in different ways. This variety of interactions (both past and present) is investigated through ethnozoology, which is a hybrid discipline structured with elements from both the natural and social sciences, as it seeks to understand how humans have perceived and interacted with faunal resources throughout history. In a broader context, ethnozoology, and its companion discipline, ...
Elementary introduction to symbolic dynamics, updated to describe the main advances in the subject since the original publication in 1995.