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Comprises the text of the documents presented to the Supreme Court of Pakistan in Bhutto's appeal against the death sentence.
Bhutto, Wolpert writes, was a charismatic and contradictory man, a microcosmic reflection of Pakistan itself - a nation bond out of division with India which later fell victim to its own internal split with the creation of Bangladesh. Wolpert follows him from his privileged youth in British-ruled India, to his years as a student at the University of Southern California and University of California, Berkeley (where he sported a thin moustache, shiny two-tone shoes, and proved a keen, if rakish, fraternity brother), to Oxford and back to Pakistan. Bhutto climbed to the heights of power with amazing swiftness, winning a seat in the central Cabinet of Pakistan at the unprecedented age of thirty. Wolpert weaves Pakistan's turbulent politics and repeated wars with India together with Bhutto's ambitious maneuvering, tracing his rise to Foreign Minister, the founding of his own political movement, and finally leadership of the nation.
This book shatters the myth that naked-eye sighting of the new moon and completing thirty days in the case of weather-related or other obscurities are the only two valid methods of determining the month of Ramadan. The author explains that certainty, not actual sighting, is the real objective of the Shariah and that the Qur'an does not mandate physical sighting. A careful analysis shows that those hadiths that seemingly require sighting actually require certainty. The assertion that all Muslim scholars prohibit the use of astronomical calculations, both in affirming or negating the month of Ramadan, is not correct. As calculation is now more accurate than naked-eye sighting, due to certain astronomical and scientific advancements, the use of calculation is the closest to the real objective of the Shari'ah and to the spirit of the hadiths.
"Advances in intelligent Control" is a collection of essays covering the latest research in the field. Based on a special issue of "The International Journal of Control", the book is arranged in two parts. Part one contains recent contributions of artificial neural networks to modelling and control. Part two concerns itself primarily with aspects of fuzzy logic in intelligent control, guidance and estimation, although some of the contributions either make direct equivalence relationships to neural networks or use hybrid methods where a neural network is used to develop the fuzzy rule base.
Pakistan's former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto held the reins of the country from 1971 to 1977. He was overthrown in 1977 by his Chief of Army Staff, General Zia-ul-Haq, and executed in 1979. Zia-ul-Haq ruled over Pakistan for eleven years with an iron fist, curbing all dissent until he got blown up in an air crash in 1988. In almost three decades since, Pakistan's leadership has changed hands fifteen times. An extremely controversial and confrontational politics is associated with the era of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It is therefore not surprising that, considering his towering stature, not enough has been researched and written about the tumultuous years of his accession to power culminating in what today is best described as regicide. Syeda Hameed delves deep into the politics of Pakistan, meeting Bhutto's contemporaries, mining information from archives and letters to bring to the fore a rich yet disturbing life and times of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
Beginning with the formation of the People's Party and going up to the overthrow of the Bhutto government, this book traces the career of Pakistan's most controversial statesman, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It examines both his contributions and the myths that surround him.
This monumental study examines issues of anthropomorphism in the three Abrahamic Faiths, as viewed through the texts of the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament and the Qur’an. Throughout history Christianity and Judaism have tried to make sense of God. While juxtaposing the Islamic position against this, the author addresses the Judeo-Christian worldview and how each has chosen to framework its encounter with God, to what extent this has been the result of actual scripture and to what extent the product of theological debate, or church decrees of later centuries and absorption of Hellenistic philosophy. Shah also examines Islam’s heavily anti-anthropomorphic stance and Islamic theological di...
This two-volume book offers a comprehensive guide to anesthetic management and critical care management in neurosurgical and neurological patients. This first volume focuses on neuroanesthesia. The book begins with basic information on neuroanesthesia, extensively discussing the anatomy of the brain and spine, physiology and relevant pharmacology. Special considerations for pregnant, pediatric and geriatric patients are covered in separate chapters. Each neurosurgical condition is discussed in a standard format relevant for neurosurgical patients, and each chapter, prepared by experts in the field, includes ample illustrations and flowcharts. Information is also provided on the latest evidence-based approaches, robotic surgery and gene therapy. The book offers a valuable resource for all residents, fellows and trainees in the fields of neuroanesthesia and anesthesia; it will also benefit practitioners and consultants.