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The Nusayrī-ʿAlawī Religion
The Nusayrīs - also known as ʿAlawīs -have been in power in Syria for the past three decades. Little is known of their origins or their long history, while their religious creeds and thought are somewhat better known. The main reason for our fragmentary knowledge of the Nusayrī religion is that, since its beginnings, it has always been the secret faith of a self-conscious elite that zealously guarded its sectarian literature. The Nusayrī-ʿAlawī faith is a clear example of a syncretistic religion. It combines and fuses elements of cults and creeds of very disparate, and remote, origins. Among these are various pagan beliefs (residues of ancient Mesopotamian and Syrian cults), as well as Persian, Christian, Gnostic, and Muslim - both Sunnī and Shīʿī - religious precepts and practices. All these components have been brought together in a syncretistic religious system that has assumed a heterodox Shīʿī garb. The present volume presents a mosaic of fundamental aspects of Nusayrī theology and liturgy. It demonstrates the complexity of Nusayrī theology and the diversity of religious thought within the Nusayrī fold.
Neurodegeneration: From Genetics to Molecules
Chronic degenerative diseases are one of the major public health problems, particularly those affecting the nervous system. They are characterized by the degeneration of specific cell populations that include several pathologies which contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Therefore, in recent years, the study of neuroscience has gained significant importance. Most of these neurodegenerative disorders are the result of a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors that generate progression and can even determine its severity. The presence of mutations in genes as LRRK2, SNCA, PARK7, PARK2 or PINK1 is associated with Parkinson's diseas...
Surgical Conditions of the Diaphragm, An Issue of Thoracic Surgery Clinics, E-Book
In this issue of Thoracic Surgery Clinics, guest editor Dr. Erin A. Gillaspie brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Surgical Conditions of the Diaphragm. Top experts provide up-to-date coverage of managing the diaphragmatic injuries of congenital defects, hiatal hernia, and trauma. This issue also includes articles on imaging, pediatrics, and anatomy and physiology Contains 9 relevant, practice-oriented topics including reconstructive techniques for diaphragm resection; management of congenital hernias in adults: foramen of Morgagni hernia; management of traumatic diaphragmatic injury; management of diaphragmatic paralysis and eventration; congenital hernias in adults: Bochdalek hernias; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on surgical conditions of the diaphragm, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
The Parathyroids
The third edition of The Parathyroids, led by a new stellar editorial team, has been thoroughly updated to reflect the considerable advances in just about every aspect of PTH biology over the past decade. It continues to be the authoritative reference that spans the basic science of parathyroid hormone treatment to major clinical disorders in a superb, single compendium. This translational resource is invaluable to graduate students, fellows, researchers, and research clinicians in the fields of endocrinology, bone biology, osteology, and rheumatology. Contains chapters and information on noninvasive imaging, fracture healing, secondary diseases such as CKD, Vitamin D, cell signaling pathways, vascular calcification, as well as advances in genetics/genomics Includes essential updates on the critical importance of Vitamin D insufficiency and its relationship to secondary hyperparathyroidism Offers new insights into the underlying mechanisms of parathyroid hormone actions on osteocytes and sclerostin Examines essential updates in the understanding of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic kidney disease, facture healing, and vascular disease
Endoscopic Oncology
Table 1 Cancer is the second most common cause of death in Americans (see www.cdc.gov). Colorectal cancer kills more Incidence and Mortality of the Five Most Common Gastrointestinal Malignancies Americans than any other malignancy except for lung cancer. The incidences and mortalities of the major gastrointestinal a a Site Incidence Mortality (GI) malignancies are shown in Table 1. Taken as a group, the five most common GI malignancies account for more cancers Colorectum 53.9 21.6 and more cancer deaths than for any other site. Pancreas 11.1 10.6 Stomach 9.1 4.9 Flexible endoscopy has given physicians unprecedented Liver/intrahepatic bile ducts 6.2 4.4 access to the GI tract. The ability to endoscopically visu- Esophagus 4.5 4.3 alize, biopsy, and apply therapy has had implications for the management of all the major GI malignancies. Accepted Data from SEER database 1992–2002 (www.seer.cancer.gov). applications of endoscopy range from detection of mal- a Per 100,000.
