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Essential reference for all those interested in the Islamic history of Central Asia under Russian and Chinese rule (1770 - 1912). Based on a Turkic manuscript compiled in 1912.
"This book reviews the important impact ICTs have on economic, social, and political development and provides analyses of ICTs for education, commerce, and governance"--Provided by publisher.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Application, FPL 2001, held in Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK, in August 2001. The 56 revised full papers and 15 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 117 submissions. The book offers topical sections on architectural framework, place and route, architecture, DSP, synthesis, encryption, runtime reconfiguration, graphics and vision, networking, processor interaction, applications, methodology, loops and systolic, image processing, faults, and arithmetic.
One day in history changed the course of the Islamic nation for all time to come. It deepened the differences between Islam's both main branches, the Sunni and the Shi'ite. It created states and undermined others. It had an impact which not many people in any place or time can truly fathom. That date is: October 14, 680 A.D. when the younger grandson of the Prophet of Islam, namely Hussain son of Ali ibn Abu Talib, was martyred together with all males of his family, with the exception of his ailing son Ali, and of his few supporters who stood with him to the end. This date is referred to as Ashura, the tenth of Muharram, which has been commemorated since that year and will continue to be commemorated till the end of time. This book details the events, social and political, that led to the martyrdom of Hussain son of Ali and its aftermath as well as the biographies of nine descendants of Hussain who are referred to by Shi'ite Muslims as the Infallible Imams. This book is full of history and, for the sympathetic reader, it is full of admonishment. It is a tale of heroism unmatched in the entire history of mankind.
The 2001 International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR 2001, www.iccbr.org/iccbr01), the fourth in the biennial ICCBR series (1995 in Sesimbra, Portugal; 1997 in Providence, Rhode Island (USA); 1999 in Seeon, Germany), was held during 30 July – 2 August 2001 in Vancouver, Canada. ICCBR is the premier international forum for researchers and practitioners of case based reasoning (CBR). The objectives of this meeting were to nurture significant, relevant advances made in this field (both in research and application), communicate them among all attendees, inspire future advances, and continue to support the vision that CBR is a valuable process in many research disciplines, both computational and otherwise. ICCBR 2001 was the first ICCBR meeting held on the Pacific coast, and we used the setting of beautiful Vancouver as an opportunity to enhance participation from the Pacific Rim communities, which contributed 28% of the submissions. During this meeting, we were fortunate to host invited talks by Ralph Bergmann, Ken Forbus, Jaiwei Han, Ramon López de Mántaras, and Manuela Veloso. Their contributions ensured a stimulating meeting; we thank them all.
The Qur’an and the Bible have been called "intertwined scriptures" due to the Qur’an’s frequent invocation of biblical narratives and figures. But what is the history of Muslims’ exegetical engagement with the biblical text? Through a comprehensive survey of more than 170 Qur’an commentaries, Samuel Ross traces the longitudinal history of the Bible in tafsῑr. Offering detailed case studies and rich in historical context, Ross’s narrative culminates in the remarkable late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century biblical turn. Global in scope, this development has not only generated new Muslim views of the Bible but even new interpretations of the Qur’an itself. This monograph has been awarded the annual BRAIS – De Gruyter Prize in the Study of Islam and the Muslim World.