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Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules
Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy is expected to be the world's largest source of electricity in the future. To enhance the long-term reliability of PV modules, a thorough understanding of failure mechanisms is of vital importance. In addition, it is important to address the potential downsides to this technology. These include the hazardous chemicals needed for manufacturing solar cells, especially for thin-film technologies, and the large number of PV modules disposed of at the end of their lifecycles. This book discusses the reliability and environmental aspects of PV modules.
Energy-Efficient Approaches in Industrial Applications
A large amount of energy is consumed in the industry to meet the power needed for production processes. In order to meet the heat and mechanical power needs required for many industrial processes, natural gas, petroleum fuel, and electricity are mostly used as energy sources. In addition to the efficient use of energy in order to reduce operating costs in industrial applications, alternatives such as efficient use of energy for conservation of resources and climate, energy recovery, renewable energy preferences, and energy production from wastes are becoming more common. With proper energy management, it is possible to increase energy efficiency independently of the size of the industry and the technologies used in the process. The development of new alternatives for energy efficiency and saving is crucial to meet the growing world energy needs and to compete effectively with fossil fuels and thus reduce greenhouse gases. This small book is a collection of research and reviewed chapters dealing with energy-efficient materials and strategies in different conditions.The Editors would like to record their sincere thanks to the authors for their contributions.
Durability and Reliability of Polymers and Other Materials in Photovoltaic Modules
Durability and Reliability of Polymers and Other Materials in Photovoltaic Modules describes the durability and reliability behavior of polymers used in Si-photovoltaic modules and systems, particularly in terms of physical aging and degradation process/mechanisms, characterization methods, accelerated exposure chamber and testing, module level testing, and service life prediction. The book compares polymeric materials to traditional materials used in solar applications, explaining the degradation pathways of the different elements of a photovoltaic module, including encapsulant, front sheet, back sheet, wires and connectors, adhesives, sealants, and more. In addition, users will find sections on the tests needed for the evaluation of polymer degradation and aging, as well as accelerated tests to aid in materials selection. As demand for photovoltaics continues to grow globally, with polymer photovoltaics offering significantly lower production costs compared to earlier approaches, this book will serve as a welcome resource on new avenues.
Türkischer Biographischer Index
Also available as "World Biographical Index" Online and on CD-ROM
Hikmet Yurdu, cilt:3, sayı:6
Hikmet Yurdu düşünce yorum sosyal bilimler araştırma dergisinin 3 cildinin 6 sayısı
MAGRİP, EN UZAK BATI - FAS YOLCULUĞU
“Dünya değişti, Fas da öyle. Alınıp satılabilecek her şey için sınırlar inceldi. Bir zamanlar ticaret yapabilmek için seyahatler son derece önem taşıyordu. Yolların durumu ve kervanların güvenliği başlı başına bir iktidar aracı ve dış politika konusuydu. Şimdiyse ticaret yapabilmek için insanların seyahat etmesine gerek kalmadı. Ama yollar hâlâ önemli. “Çünkü yollarda olmak alışmamaktır… “Çünkü her yolculuk, giderek büyüyen dünyanın kalabalığı içindeki yalnızlığı, telaş içindeki sükûneti biraz daha çoğaltmaktır. “Bitirilmiş yolculuklar bir daha çıkılmayacak olanlardır bunu bilirim. Ancak yolcunun yolunu bitirmesi, arkasında özlenecek bir şeyler bırakması demektir. “Fas’a defalarca gittim, gezdim, ancak bu kitapta okuyacaklarınız bu yolculukların gerçek öyküsü değil, sadece gördüklerimdir.”
Life Cycle Assessment
This book is a uniquely pedagogical while still comprehensive state-of-the-art description of LCA-methodology and its broad range of applications. The five parts of the book conveniently provide: I) the history and context of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with its central role as quantitative and scientifically-based tool supporting society’s transitioning towards a sustainable economy; II) all there is to know about LCA methodology illustrated by a red-thread example which evolves as the reader advances; III) a wealth of information on a broad range of LCA applications with dedicated chapters on policy development, prospective LCA, life cycle management, waste, energy, construction and building, nanotechnology, agrifood, transport, and LCA-related concepts such as footprinting, ecolabelling,design for environment, and cradle to cradle. IV) A cookbook giving the reader recipes for all the concrete actions needed to perform an LCA. V) An appendix with an LCA report template, a full example LCA report serving as inspiration for students who write their first LCA report, and a more detailed overview of existing LCIA methods and their similarities and differences.
