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The Visioneers
The story of the visionary scientists who invented the future In 1969, Princeton physicist Gerard O'Neill began looking outward to space colonies as the new frontier for humanity's expansion. A decade later, Eric Drexler, an MIT-trained engineer, turned his attention to the molecular world as the place where society's future needs could be met using self-replicating nanoscale machines. These modern utopians predicted that their technologies could transform society as humans mastered the ability to create new worlds, undertook atomic-scale engineering, and, if truly successful, overcame their own biological limits. The Visioneers tells the story of how these scientists and the communities the...
Nanotechnology
A survey of the machinery and science of the nanometer scale. Its twenty-two contributing authors, drawn from many different disciplines including atomic physics, microelectronics, polymer chemistry, and biophysics, delineate the course of current research and articulate a vision for the development of the nanometer frontiers in electronics, mechanics, chemistry, magnetics, materials, and biology. They reveal a world thirty years hence where motors are smaller than the diameter of a human hair; where single-celled organisms are programmed to fabricate materials with nanometer precision; where single atoms are used for computation, and where quantum chaos is the norm. Aimed at the level of at least a junior- or senior- level undergraduate in biology, chemistry, physics, or engineering.
Opportunities in High Magnetic Field Science
High-field magnetsâ€"those that operate at the limits of the mechanical and/or electromagnetic properties of their structural materialsâ€"are used as research tools in a variety of scientific disciplines. The study of high magnetic fields themselves is also important in many areas such as astrophysics. Because of their importance in scientific research and the possibility of new breakthroughs, the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assess the current state of and future prospects for high-field science and technology in the United States. This report presents the results of that assessment. It focuses on scientific and technological challenges and opportunities, and not on specific program activities. The report provides findings and recommendations about important research directions, the relative strength of U.S. efforts compared to other countries, and ways in which the program can operate more effectively.
Quantum Efficiency in Complex Systems, Part II: From Molecular Aggregates to Organic Solar Cells
Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribut...
II-VI Semiconductor Materials and their Applications
II-VI Semiconductor Materials and Their Applications deals with II-VI compound semiconductors and the status of the two areas of current optoelectronics applications: blue-green emitters and IR detectors. Specifically, the growth, charactrtization, materials and device issues for these two applications are described. Emphasis is placed on the wide bandgap emitters where much progress has occurred recently.The book also presents new directions that have potential, future applications in optoelectronics for II-VI materials. In particular, it discusses the status of dilute magnetic semiconductors for mango-optical and electromagnetic devices, nonlinear optical properties, photorefractive effects and new materials and physics phenomena, such as self-organized, low-dimensional structures.II_VI Semiconductor Materials and Their Applications is a valuable reference book for researchers in the field as well as a textbook for materials science and applied physics courses.
Quantum Computing
Quantum mechanics, the subfield of physics that describes the behavior of very small (quantum) particles, provides the basis for a new paradigm of computing. First proposed in the 1980s as a way to improve computational modeling of quantum systems, the field of quantum computing has recently garnered significant attention due to progress in building small-scale devices. However, significant technical advances will be required before a large-scale, practical quantum computer can be achieved. Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects provides an introduction to the field, including the unique characteristics and constraints of the technology, and assesses the feasibility and implications of creating a functional quantum computer capable of addressing real-world problems. This report considers hardware and software requirements, quantum algorithms, drivers of advances in quantum computing and quantum devices, benchmarks associated with relevant use cases, the time and resources required, and how to assess the probability of success.
Semiconductor Spintronics and Quantum Computation
The past few decades of research and development in solid-state semicon ductor physics and electronics have witnessed a rapid growth in the drive to exploit quantum mechanics in the design and function of semiconductor devices. This has been fueled for instance by the remarkable advances in our ability to fabricate nanostructures such as quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots. Despite this contemporary focus on semiconductor "quantum devices," a principal quantum mechanical aspect of the electron - its spin has it accounts for an added quan largely been ignored (except in as much as tum mechanical degeneracy). In recent years, however, a new paradigm of electronics based on the spin d...
Conductor Insulator Quantum Phase Transitions
When many particles come together how do they organize themselves? And what destroys this organization? Combining experiments and theory, this book describes intriguing quantum phases - metals, superconductors and insulators - and transitions between them. It captures the excitement and the controversies on topics at the forefront of research.
