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The volume of natural language text data has been rapidly increasing over the past two decades, due to factors such as the growth of the Web, the low cost associated with publishing, and the progress on the digitization of printed texts. This growth combined with the proliferation of natural language systems for search and retrieving information provides tremendous opportunities for studying some of the areas where database systems and natural language processing systems overlap. This book explores two interrelated and important areas of overlap: (1) managing natural language data and (2) developing natural language interfaces to databases. It presents relevant concepts and research question...
This book presents a comprehensive overview of Natural Language Interfaces to Databases (NLIDBs), an indispensable tool in the ever-expanding realm of data-driven exploration and decision making. After first demonstrating the importance of the field using an interactive ChatGPT session, the book explores the remarkable progress and general challenges faced with real-world deployment of NLIDBs. It goes on to provide readers with a holistic understanding of the intricate anatomy, essential components, and mechanisms underlying NLIDBs and how to build them. Key concepts in representing, querying, and processing structured data as well as approaches for optimizing user queries are established fo...
This is an introductory text to the science of neurobiology, describing animal nervous systems, what they consist of, how they work, and how they are studied. Unlike many other neurobiology texts, considerable discussion is given to both human and non-human nervous systems. Written in an easy-to-read style, it will be useful for both biology and medical students. It provides the opportunity for self-testing at the end of each chapter, with objectives and questions. A CD-ROM entitled 'The Human Brain' (ISBN 3-540-14666-0) has been produced to accompany this text, and can be purchased either separately or together with the book (ISBN 3-540-63778-8).
Large-scale data analytics using machine learning (ML) underpins many modern data-driven applications. ML systems provide means of specifying and executing these ML workloads in an efficient and scalable manner. Data management is at the heart of many ML systems due to data-driven application characteristics, data-centric workload characteristics, and system architectures inspired by classical data management techniques. In this book, we follow this data-centric view of ML systems and aim to provide a comprehensive overview of data management in ML systems for the end-to-end data science or ML lifecycle. We review multiple interconnected lines of work: (1) ML support in database (DB) systems...
The last decade has brought groundbreaking developments in transaction processing. This resurgence of an otherwise mature research area has spurred from the diminishing cost per GB of DRAM that allows many transaction processing workloads to be entirely memory-resident. This shift demanded a pause to fundamentally rethink the architecture of database systems. The data storage lexicon has now expanded beyond spinning disks and RAID levels to include the cache hierarchy, memory consistency models, cache coherence and write invalidation costs, NUMA regions, and coherence domains. New memory technologies promise fast non-volatile storage and expose unchartered trade-offs for transactional durabi...
The two-volume set LNAI 7301 and 7302 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, PAKDD 2012, held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in May 2012. The total of 20 revised full papers and 66 revised short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 241 submissions. The papers present new ideas, original research results, and practical development experiences from all KDD-related areas. The papers are organized in topical sections on supervised learning: active, ensemble, rare-class and online; unsupervised learning: clustering, probabilistic modeling in the first volume and on pattern mining: networks, graphs, time-series and outlier detection, and data manipulation: pre-processing and dimension reduction in the second volume.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the joint conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: ECML PKDD 2009, held in Bled, Slovenia, in September 2009. The 106 papers presented in two volumes, together with 5 invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 422 paper submissions. In addition to the regular papers the volume contains 14 abstracts of papers appearing in full version in the Machine Learning Journal and the Knowledge Discovery and Databases Journal of Springer. The conference intends to provide an international forum for the discussion of the latest high quality research results in all areas related to machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases. The topics addressed are application of machine learning and data mining methods to real-world problems, particularly exploratory research that describes novel learning and mining tasks and applications requiring non-standard techniques.
Entity Resolution (ER) lies at the core of data integration and cleaning and, thus, a bulk of the research examines ways for improving its effectiveness and time efficiency. The initial ER methods primarily target Veracity in the context of structured (relational) data that are described by a schema of well-known quality and meaning. To achieve high effectiveness, they leverage schema, expert, and/or external knowledge. Part of these methods are extended to address Volume, processing large datasets through multi-core or massive parallelization approaches, such as the MapReduce paradigm. However, these early schema-based approaches are inapplicable to Web Data, which abound in voluminous, noi...
The European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases, ECML PKDD 2010, was held in Barcelona, September 20–24, 2010, consolidating the long junction between the European Conference on Machine Learning (of which the ?rst instance as European wo- shop dates back to 1986) and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Data Bases (of which the ?rst instance dates back to 1997). Since the two conferences were ?rst collocated in 2001, both machine learning and data m- ing communities have realized how each discipline bene?ts from the advances, and participates to de?ning the challenges, of the sister discipline. Accordingly, a single E...
Why doesn't your home page appear on the first page of search results, even when you query your own name? How do other web pages always appear at the top? What creates these powerful rankings? And how? The first book ever about the science of web page rankings, Google's PageRank and Beyond supplies the answers to these and other questions and more. The book serves two very different audiences: the curious science reader and the technical computational reader. The chapters build in mathematical sophistication, so that the first five are accessible to the general academic reader. While other chapters are much more mathematical in nature, each one contains something for both audiences. For exam...