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This book provides an updated and comprehensive overview of cough, while opening new perspectives for their treatment and management. It enables readers to not only discover new physiologic features and mechanisms but also to gain an in-depth understanding of the diagnostic workup of cough, still one of the most frequent and challenging symptoms in daily medical practice. The book also provides insights into cough’s features and pathogenesis, as well as into pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments. The most frequent causes of chronic cough (asthma, postnasal drip, gastroesophageal reflux and chronic hypersensitivity syndrome) and different types of pediatric cough are also explored. Coughing is a common symptom, occurring in many clinical settings, and as such the book appeals a broad readership, including pulmonologists specialized in cough, general practitioners, internists, pediatricians and otorhinolaryngologists.
Post Genomic Perspectives in Modeling and Control of Breathing is comprised of the proceedings of the IXth Oxford Conference on Modeling and Control of Breathing, held September 13-16, 2003 in Paris, France. This publication is placed within the general framework of post-genomic neurobiology, pathology, and the precise example of the rhythmic respiratory neural assembly being used to understand how genetic networks have been selected and conserved in the vertebrate brain. Specific topics include: ion channels and synapses responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis and plasticity; pre- and post-natal development of the respiratory rhythm; chemosensory transduction and chemo-afferent signalling. These valuable insights open new avenues as to why the genetic codes underlying a vital function such as breathing have been selected, conserved, or optimized during evolution – a major issue of post-genomic biology. This critical issue will be considered from both top-down and bottom-up integrative modeling standpoints, with a view to elucidating the functional genomics linking discrete molecules to the integrated system that regulates breathing.
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The contributors to this book analyze the various forms of corruption in Western European countries, in Russia and in Japan, and assess its impact on the political and administrative system, on political parties and on standards in public life.
When corruption is exposed, unknown aspects are revealed which allow us to better understand its structures and informal norms. This book investigates the hidden order of corruption, looking at the invisible codes and mechanisms that govern and stabilize the links between corrupters and corruptees. Concentrating mainly on democratic regimes, this book uses a wide range of documentation, including media and judicial sources from Italy and other countries, to locate the internal equilibria and dynamics of corruption in a broad and comparative perspective. It also analyses the Transparency International Annual Reports and the daily survey of international news to present evidence on specific cases of corruption within an institutional theory framework.
Political corruption has traditionally been presented as a phenomenon characteristic of developing countries, authoritarian regimes, or societies in which the value system favored tacit patrimony and clientelism. Recently, however, the thesis of an inverse correlation between corruption and economic and political development (and therefore democratic maturity) has been frequently and convincingly challenged. Countries with a long democratic tradition, such as the United States, Belgium, Britain, and Italy, have all experienced a combination of headline-grabbing scandals and smaller-scale cases of misappropriation.In Corrupt Exchanges, primary research on Italian cases (judicial proceedings, ...