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Perjuangan para penggiat konsumen yang dimotori oleh Yayasan Lembaga Konsumen Indonesia (YLKI), untuk berharap lahirnya undang-undang yang secara spesifik mengatur tentang perlindungan konsumen, maka pada tanggal 20 April tahun 1999 akhirnya Pemerintah menetapkan Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang perlindungan Konsumen yang selanjutnya disebut (UUPK). Perjuangan untuk mendorong lahirnya UUPK bukanlah tanpa alasan yang kuat, karena tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa lebih dari setengah abad setelah kemerdekaan Indonesia, sistem perekonomian nasional masih menempatkan posisi konsumen pada keadaan yang memprihatinkan. Lemahnya posisi konsumen untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum atas kecenderun...
Buku ini, bagian dari seri Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang aspek-aspek khusus dalam domain hukum yang berkaitan dengan hak kekayaan intelektual. Fokusnya pada rahasia dagang, desain industri, desain tata letak sirkuit terpadu, dan perlindungan varietas tanaman, membuka pintu ke pemahaman mendalam bagi pembaca. Dalam buku ini, terdapat Rahasia Dagang yang menyuguhkan pemahaman menyeluruh tentang konsep rahasia dagang dan peran vitalnya dalam dunia bisnis, serta memberikan panduan langkah demi langkah untuk melindungi dan memanfaatkan rahasia dagang secara efektif. Dalam Desain Industri membahas esensi desain industri dan cara perlindungan hukum dapat mendukung kr...
Perrbincangan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual didominasi masalah pembajakan kaset/VCD, penjiplakan karangan, peniruan merek, alih teknologi, dan sebagainya yang kecenderungannya hanya mengarah pada persoalan privat berdasarkan pemilikan hak perseorangan dan perusahaan/badan hukum. Kesertaan negara dalam menghimbau penegakan hukum pun terkesan semata melindungi kepentingan privat warganya dan melupakan satu segi penting dalam penegakan HKI yakni perlindungan asset negara itu sendiri. Perlindungan mana dalam konteks otonomi daerah dapat berarti perlindungan asset daerah sebagai sumber pendapatan asli daerah. Fakta terbengkalainya data historis kekayaan budaya yang memicu terjadinya beberapa kali klaim atas occupasi negara lain atas lagu, tarian, teknologi sederhana membuktikan hal itu. Lagu “Rasa Sayange”, Reog Ponorogo, menyusul lagi Tari pendet. Belum lagi jika kita mundur jauh sebelumnya dengan kasus tempe, batik, perahu pinisi.
This book gathers the proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials (ICE-SEAM 2019), held on 16–17 October 2019 in Surakarta, Indonesia. It focuses on two relatively broad areas – advanced materials and sustainable energy – and a diverse range of subtopics: Advanced Materials and Related Technologies: Liquid Crystals, Semiconductors, Superconductors, Optics, Lasers, Sensors, Mesoporous Materials, Nanomaterials, Smart Ferrous Materials, Amorphous Materials, Crystalline Materials, Biomaterials, Metamaterials, Composites, Polymers, Design, Analysis, Development, Manufacturing, Processing and Testing for Advanced Materials. Sustainable Energy and Related Technologies: Energy Management, Storage, Conservation, Industrial Energy Efficiency, Energy-Efficient Buildings, Energy-Efficient Traffic Systems, Energy Distribution, Energy Modeling, Hybrid and Integrated Energy Systems, Fossil Energy, Nuclear Energy, Bioenergy, Biogas, Biomass Geothermal Power, Non-Fossil Energies, Wind Energy, Hydropower, Solar Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, Electrification, and Electrical Power Systems and Controls.
This book gathers the latest research, innovations, and applications in the field of civil engineering, as presented by leading national and international academics, researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students at the AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2019 (AICCE’19), held in Penang, Malaysia on August 21-22, 2019. The book covers highly diverse topics in the main fields of civil engineering, including structural and earthquake engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and geomatic and construction management. In line with the conference theme, “Transforming the Nation for a Sustainable Tomorrow”, which relates to the United Nations’ 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development, it highlights important elements in the planning and development stages to establish design standards beneficial to the environment and its surroundings. The contributions introduce numerous exciting ideas that spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations between various specialists in the field of civil engineering.
When the Indonesian New Order regime fell in 1998, regional politics with strong ethnic content emerged across the country. In West Kalimantan the predominant feature was particularly that of the Dayaks. This surge, however, was not unprecedented. After centuries of occupying a subordinate place in the political and social hierarchy under the nominal rule of the Malay sultanates, Dayaks became involved in an enthusiastic political emancipation movement from 1945. The Dayaks secured the governorship as well as the majority of the regional executive head positions before they were shunned by the New Order regime. This book examines the development of Dayak politics in West Kalimantan from the colonial times until the first decade of the 21th century. It asks how and why Dayak politics has experienced drastic changes since 1945. It will look at the effect of regime change, the role of the individual leaders and organizations, the experience of marginalization, and conflicts on the course of Dayaks politics. It will also examine ethnic relations and recent political development up to 2010 in the province.
This book presents part of the proceedings of the Manufacturing and Materials track of the iM3F 2020 conference held in Malaysia. This collection of articles deliberates on the key challenges and trends related to manufacturing as well as materials engineering and technology in setting the stage for the world in embracing the fourth industrial revolution. It presents recent findings with regards to manufacturing and materials that are pertinent towards the realizations and ultimately the embodiment of Industry 4.0, with contributions from both industry and academia.
Dengan kewenangan, MK dikehendaki mampu mengawal nilai-nilai konstitusional dan demokrasi, sehingga fungsi dan tugas MK sering ditempatkan pada posisi pengawal konstitusi (the guardian of constitution), penafsir akhir konstitusi (the final interpreter of constitution), pengawal demokrasi (the guardian of democracy), pelindung hak-hak konstitusional warga negara (the protector of citizen's constitutional rights), pelindung hak-hak asasi manusia (the protector of human rights). Apabila Mahkamah Konstitusi membatalkan undang-undang maka akan terjadi kekosongan hukum dan pilihan yang bisa diambil adalah DPR dan pemerintah harus merevisi undang- undang yang dibatalkan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut, apabila tidak dilakukan maka akan terjadi kekosongan hukum dan itu berbahaya dan mengancam keberlangsungan hukum.
People's desire to understand the environments in which they live is a natural one. People spend most of their time in spaces and structures designed, built, and managed by humans, and it is estimated that people in developed countries now spend 90 percent of their lives indoors. As people move from homes to workplaces, traveling in cars and on transit systems, microorganisms are continually with and around them. The human-associated microbes that are shed, along with the human behaviors that affect their transport and removal, make significant contributions to the diversity of the indoor microbiome. The characteristics of "healthy" indoor environments cannot yet be defined, nor do microbial...