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As economic and military walls have come down in the post-Cold War era, states have rapidly built new barriers to prevent a perceived invasion of undesirables. This work examines the practice, politics, and consequences of building these walls.
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Tom Gallagher's analysis of the largest country in the Balkans focuses upon its efforts to transform its image. At the same time many of the key legacies of the Ceausescu regime remain intact. The success of NATO expansion and European enlargement depend upon the outcomes of necessary reforms in Romania.
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2001-May 2002 Sally Holt.
On November 19, 1990, the participating states of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) gathered in Paris to sign the Charter of Paris and celebrate an end to the Cold War. How did the thirty-five CSCE countries, which included the United States, Canada, and all of Western and Eastern Europe (except Albania), the Soviet Union, and the neutral and nonaligned states, escape the clutches of the Cold 'War without a violent confrontation, a devastating conventional war, or even a nuclear holocaust? Janie Leatherman argues that by forging an understanding of cooperative security and embracing the protection of human rights, the primacy of democratic government, and free market economies, the CSCE led the participating states from Cold War confrontation toward a democratic peace.
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Since the end of the Cold War, increasing numbers of people have been forced to leave their homes as a result of armed conflict, internal strife, and systematic violations of human rights. Whereas refugees crossing national borders benefit from an established system of international protection and assistance, those who are displaced internally suffer from an absence of legal or institutional bases for their protection and assistance from the international community. This book analyzes the causes and consequences of displacement, including its devastating impact both within and beyond the borders of affected countries. It sets forth strategies for preventing displacement, a special legal framework tailored to the needs of the displaced, more effective institutional arrangements at the national, regional, and international levels, and increased capacities to address the protection, human rights, and reintegration and development needs of the displaced.
East and African Cases.