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Accessible approach to set theory for upper-level undergraduates poses rigorous but simple arguments. Topics include classes and sets, functions, natural and cardinal numbers, arithmetic of ordinal numbers, and more. 1971 edition with new material by author.
Soft computing is a new, emerging discipline rooted in a group of technologies that aim to exploit the tolerance for imprecision and uncertainty in achieving solutions to complex problems. The principal components of soft computing are fuzzy logic, neurocomputing, genetic algorithms and probabilistic reasoning.This volume is a collection of up-to-date articles giving a snapshot of the current state of the field. It covers the whole expanse, from theoretical foundations to applications. The contributors are among the world leaders in the field.
The three chapters of this book are entitled Basic Concepts, Tensor Norms, and Special Topics. The first may serve as part of an introductory course in Functional Analysis since it shows the powerful use of the projective and injective tensor norms, as well as the basics of the theory of operator ideals. The second chapter is the main part of the book: it presents the theory of tensor norms as designed by Grothendieck in the Resumé and deals with the relation between tensor norms and operator ideals. The last chapter deals with special questions. Each section is accompanied by a series of exercises.
The relevance of commutator methods in spectral and scattering theory has been known for a long time, and numerous interesting results have been ob tained by such methods. The reader may find a description and references in the books by Putnam [Pu], Reed-Simon [RS] and Baumgartel-Wollenberg [BW] for example. A new point of view emerged around 1979 with the work of E. Mourre in which the method of locally conjugate operators was introduced. His idea proved to be remarkably fruitful in establishing detailed spectral properties of N-body Hamiltonians. A problem that was considered extremely difficult be fore that time, the proof of the absence of a singularly continuous spectrum for such operat...
A lattice-ordered group is a mathematical structure combining a (partial) order (lattice) structure and a group structure (on a set) in a compatible way. Thus it is a composite structure, or, a set carrying two or more simple structures in a compatible way. The field of lattice-ordered groups turn up on a wide range of mathematical fields ranging from functional analysis to universal algebra. These papers address various aspects of the field, with wide applicability for interested researchers.
Designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students of mathematics, the book can also be used by those preparing for various competitive examinations. The text starts with a brief introduction to results from Set theory and Number theory. It then goes on to cover Groups, Rings, Fields and Linear Algebra. The topics under groups include subgroups, finitely generated abelian groups, group actions, solvable and nilpotent groups. The course in ring theory covers ideals, embedding of rings, Euclidean domains, PIDs, UFDs, polynomial rings, Noetherian (Artinian) rings. Topics of field include algebraic extensions, splitting fields, normal extensions, separable extensions, algebraically closed fiel...