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Algorithms are everywhere, organizing the near-limitless data that exists in our world. Drawing on our every search, like, click, and purchase, algorithms determine the news we get, the ads we see, the information accessible to us, and even who our friends are. These complex configurations not only form knowledge and social relationships in the digital and physical world but also determine who we are and who we can be. Algorithms use our data to assign our gender, race, sexuality, and citizenship status. In this era of ubiquitous surveillance, contemporary data collection entails more than gathering information about us. Entities like Google, Facebook, and the NSA also decide what that information means, constructing our worlds and the identities we inhabit in the process. We have little control over who we algorithmically are. Through a series of entertaining and engaging examples, John Cheney-Lippold draws on the social constructions of identity to advance a new understanding of our algorithmic identities. We Are Data will educate and inspire readers who want to wrest back some freedom in our increasingly surveilled and algorithmically constructed world.
Mörderische Ereignisse im Mittelalter bis in die Neuzeit. Von grausamen Einzeltätern bis hin zu verblendeten, furchtbaren Glaubensregimen ist die Rede; von ehrbaren Stadtvertretern, die, im Glauben gerecht und zum Wohle ihrer Bürger zu handeln, ihre Entscheidungen mit ihrer Hinrichtung bezahlen müssen. Auch wenn all die blutigen Dinge in tiefer Vergangenheit ruhen, Neid, Hass und Gewalt werden mit gleichen oder ähnlichen Aktivitäten immer wieder geweckt; sie werden stets eine Zukunft haben. Und wer ist der wahre, der einzige Gott für seine Ebenbilder im Erdenrund? Ist es jener, der für Freiheit, Gleichheit und Brüderlichkeit steht, oder ist es jener, der unbedingten Gehorsam fordert, der Hass, Unterdrückung und Terror predigt? Sicher ist nur eins: Die Menschheit findet nur Frieden, wenn die Welt untergegangen ist.
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Wall Street and Silicon Valley – the two worlds this book examines – promote the illusion that scarcity can and should be eliminated in the age of seamless “flow.” Instead, Appadurai and Alexander propose a theory of habitual and strategic failure by exploring debt, crisis, digital divides, and (dis)connectivity. Moving between the planned obsolescence and deliberate precariousness of digital technologies and the “too big to fail” logic of the Great Recession, they argue that the sense of failure is real in that it produces disappointment and pain. Yet, failure is not a self-evident quality of projects, institutions, technologies, or lives. It requires a new and urgent understanding of the conditions under which repeated breakdowns and collapses are quickly forgotten. By looking at such moments of forgetfulness, this highly original book offers a multilayered account of failure and a general theory of denial, memory, and nascent systems of control.
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This work explores the relationships between legal institutions and political and economic transformation. It argues that as law is enlisted to help produce the profound economic and sociotechnical shifts that have accompanied the emergence of the informational economy, it is changing in fundamental ways.
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