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The Seven Years War in Europe
In this pioneering new work, based on a thorough re-reading of primary sources and new research in the Austrian State Archives, Franz Szabo presents a fascinating reassessment of the continental war. Professor Szabo challenges the well-established myth that the Seven Years War was won through the military skill and tenacity of the King of Prussia, often styled Frederick “the Great”. Instead he argues that Prussia did not win, but merely survived the Seven Years War and did so despite and not because of the actions and decisions of its king. With balanced attention to all the major participants and to all conflict zones on the European continent, the book describes the strategies and tactics of the military leaders on all sides, analyzes the major battles of the war and illuminates the diplomatic, political and financial aspects of the conflict.
The Germans and the East
The editors present a collection of 23 historical papers exploring relationships between "the Germans" (necessarily adopting different senses of the term for different periods or different topics) and their immediate neighbors to the East. The eras discussed range from the Middle Ages to European integration. Examples of specific topics addressed include the Teutonic order in the development of the political culture of Northeastern Europe during the Middle ages, Teutonic-Balt relations in the chronicles of the Baltic Crusades, the emergence of Polenliteratur in 18th century Germany, German colonization in the Banat and Transylvania in the 18th century, changing meanings of "German" in Habsburg Central Europe, German military occupation and culture on the Eastern Front in Word War I, interwar Poland and the problem of Polish-speaking Germans, the implementation of Nazi racial policy in occupied Poland, Austro-Czechoslovak relations and the post-war expulsion of the Germans, and narratives of the lost German East in Cold War West Germany.
Embodiments of Power
The period of the baroque (late sixteenth to mid-eighteenth centuries) saw extensive reconfiguration of European cities and their public spaces. Yet, this transformation cannot be limited merely to signifying a style of art, architecture, and decor. Rather, the dynamism, emotionality, and potential for grandeur that were inherent in the baroque style developed in close interaction with the need and desire of post-Reformation Europeans to find visual expression for the new political, confessional, and societal realities. Highly illustrated, this volume examines these complex interrelationships among architecture and art, power, religion, and society from a wide range of viewpoints and localities. From Krakow to Madrid and from Naples to Dresden, cities were reconfigured visually as well as politically and socially. Power, in both its political and architectural guises, had to be negotiated among constituents ranging from monarchs and high churchmen to ordinary citizens. Within this process, both rulers and ruled were transformed: Europe left behind the last vestiges of the medieval and arrived on the threshold of the modern.
Kaunitz and Enlightened Absolutism 1753-1780
Author of the diplomatic revolution of 1756 and brilliant foreign minister of the Austrian Empire, Wenzel Anton Kaunitz, State Chancellor of the Habsburg Monarchy (1753-1792), emerges from this study as the key figure in the development of enlightened absolutism and the guiding spirit behind the modernization of the state.
Diversity and Dissent
Early modern Central Europe was the continent’s most decentralized region politically and its most diverse ethnically and culturally. With the onset of the Reformation, it also became Europe’s most religiously divided territory and potentially its most explosive in terms of confessional conflict and war. Focusing on the Holy Roman Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, this volume examines the tremendous challenge of managing confessional diversity in Central Europe between 1500 and 1800. Addressing issues of tolerance, intolerance, and ecumenism, each chapter explores a facet of the complex dynamic between the state and the region’s Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox, Utraquist, and Jewish communities. The development of religious toleration—one of the most debated questions of the early modern period—is examined here afresh, with careful consideration of the factors and conditions that led to both confessional concord and religious violence.
A History of the Austrian Migration to Canada
Canadians of Austrian origin have helped define the Canadian cultural mosaic of the 20th century, making important contributions to their adopted home in virtually every field - from cultural and intellectual to scientific and commercial. Yet they seldom appear as a definable group in the Canadian ethnic spectrum, or in the literature relating to it. This threshold publication is one of two to emerge from an interdisciplinary research project undertaken during 1994 and 1995 to commemorate the millennium of Austria in 1996. The first major study in any language of Austrian migration to Canada, it documents the whole Austrian immigrant experience, combining new archival research, extensive personal interviews conducted across Canada and a nation-wide survey of Austrian-Canadians. Nine scholars from Austria and Canada bring together the diverse themes of this complex experience; their work recounts the history of the some 70,000 Austrian migrants and refugees who have found their place in the Canadian family tree. The companion to this volume is entitled Austrian Immigration to Canada: Selected Essays.
Legacy of Empire
The University of Alberta Libraries houses one of the most outstanding collections of Austrian, Habsburg and Central European materials in North America. This unique strength has at its heart the acquisition of two major Austrian collections: the famous “Priesterseminar” library of the Archbishop of Salzburg, purchased in 1965, and the library of Viennese Juridisch-Politische Leseverin, purchased in 1969. The Salzburg Collection, one of the most important collections in Canada for Central European law studies, consists of the original law collection of the Seminary library of the Archbishop of Salzburg. The Priesterseminar Library has its origins in the Roman Catholic Ecumenical Council of Trent (1545-1563), at which the Catholic Church affirmed and clearly defined its dogmas in the face of the Protestant challenge. This catalogue, published to accompany a 2008 exhibit at the University of Alberta’s Bruce Peel Special Collections Library, provides a glimpse into the riches of these two collections.
The Politics of Cultural Retreat
An illuminating history of state-building, nationalism, and bureaucracy, this book tells the story of how an international cohort of Austrian officials from Bohemia, Hungary, the Hapsburg Netherlands, Italy, and several German states administered Galicia from its annexation from Poland-Lithuania in 1772 until the beginning of Polish autonomy in 1867. Historian Iryna Vushko examines the interactions between these German-speaking bureaucrats and the local Galician population of Poles, Ukrainians, and Jews. She reveals how Enlightenment-inspired theories of modernity and supranational uniformity essentially backfired, ultimately bringing about results that starkly contradicted the original intentions and ideals of the imperial governors.
Austrian Immigration to Canada
This collection of nine essays originated in a symposium on Austrian immigration to Canada held at Carleton University in May 1995. Held in conjunction with the larger Austrian immigration to Canada research project, initiated to mark the Austrian millennium in 1996, the conference brought together European and Canadian scholars from several disciplines. The full range of immigrant and refugee experience in Canada is addressed: culture, politics, demographics, identity, language, memory, hardship and achievement.
