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Ruby, red corundum, is a gem mineral with mineral properties, gem characteristics and chemistry that are reliant on critical trace element substitutions in its aluminum oxide crystal structure. Ruby has attracted scientific and economic interest. It has already been studied extensively regarding its widespread global distribution and the diversity of its geological associations, as revealed by exploration and exploitation. Researchers are becoming increasingly aware that geographic typing of ruby characteristics and its host assemblages may guide further exploration and provide checks on reputed sources of both rough and cut stones. Genetic pointers, based on fluid and solid mineral inclusio...
This book provides a comprehensive review of gem corundum origins worldwide, highlighting the enduring value of rubies and sapphires despite synthetic alternatives. By delving into natural corundum origins and associated minerals, this knowledge boosts corundum prices and intensifies market trade. The book explores formation conditions and key evidence such as trace elements, mineral inclusions, and stable isotopes. These findings elucidate corundum’s origin, linking to the rock types and geological occurrences. Drawing from high-impact journals, books, and the author’s research, it offers valuable insights into synthetic processes and treatments. Catering to mineralogists, geologists, gemmologists, students, and gem traders, the book serves as a valuable reference for identifying gemstone origins. Its rarity in the market makes it particularly valuable for enthusiasts and professionals. As researches in this field continue to grow, this book bridges the gap by making complex terminology accessible to a wide audience.
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Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect ... with ancillaries.